我正在尝试使用 pip 安装 nltk，但我不一定遇到错误，但我也不确定这意味着什么

Question

所以我运行命令来安装nltk，我一直得到以下消息。需求已经满足，但是当我尝试在我的脚本上导入nltk时，它不起作用。

-MBP-2 ~ % pip install --user -U nltk
Requirement already up-to-date: nltk in ./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (3.5)
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: regex in ./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from nltk) (2020.10.15)
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: tqdm in ./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from nltk) (4.50.2)
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: click in ./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from nltk) (7.1.2)
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: joblib in ./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from nltk) (0.17.0)

Answer 1

它看起来已经安装了，但是在一个非默认位置，所以python找不到它。

首先你应该找到它的位置(它看起来像./opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages)，然后你可以扩展路径。有两种方法可以扩展变量PYTHONPATH:

# assuming you're on *nix
export PYTHONPATH=~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages:$PYTHONPATH
# for a permanent fix place it in your .bashrc
echo "export PYTHONPATH=~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages:$PYTHONPATH" >> .bashrc

或者扩展脚本中的路径:

import sys
sys.path.append('/home/<user>/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages')
import nltk

如果你想检查你的当前路径，你可以使用:python -c 'import sys; print (sys.path)'