如何在Tkinter中添加多个条目

Question

我的程序计算每顿饭的宏。你可以输入一个以克为单位的值，它会为你摄入的每一种食物进行计算。现在我想在按下多个按钮时将这些值相加。然后我会在某个地方显示这个值，也许之后我可以做一个图表。

在这里，我展示了我的程序：

import tkinter as tk

def value_kiwi():
value = ent_quantity.get()
formula = (float(value)/100)
cal = 53    
pro = 1.6
glu = 11.1
li = 0.3
Calories = (cal) * formula
Protéines = (pro) * formula
Glucides = (glu) * formula
Lipides = (li) * formula


lbl_cal["text"] =f"{Calories}"
lbl_prot["text"] = f"{Protéines}"
lbl_glu["text"] = f"{Glucides}"
lbl_lip["text"] = f"{Lipides}"


def value_banane():
value = ent_quantity.get()
formula = (float(value)/100)
cal = 90
pro = 1.5
glu = 20.1
li = 0
Calories = (cal) * formula
Protéines = (pro) * formula
Glucides = (glu) * formula
Lipides = (li) * formula


lbl_cal["text"] =f"{Calories}"
lbl_prot["text"] = f"{Protéines}"
lbl_glu["text"] = f"{Glucides}"
lbl_lip["text"] = f"{Lipides}"

window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Calculateur de Calories et Nutriments")

frm_entry = tk.Frame(master=window)
ent_quantity = tk.Entry(master=frm_entry, width=5)
ent_quantity.grid(row=1, column=0,)

lbl_cal = tk.Label(master=window)
lbl_cal.grid(row=1, column=1,)

lbl_prot = tk.Label(master=window)
lbl_prot.grid(row=1, column=2)

lbl_glu = tk.Label(master=window)
lbl_glu.grid(row=1, column=3)

lbl_lip = tk.Label(master=window)
lbl_lip.grid(row=1, column=4)
btn_kiwi = tk.Button(
master=window,
text="Kiwi",
command=value_kiwi,
)

btn_banane = tk.Button(
master=window,
text="Banane",
command=value_banane,
)

lbl_calories = tk.Label(master=window, text="Calories",)
lbl_proteines = tk.Label(master=window, text="Protéines")
lbl_glucides = tk.Label(master=window, text="Glucides")
lbl_lipides = tk.Label(master=window, text="Lipides")
lbl_fruits = tk.Label(master=window, text="Fruits")
frm_entry.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10)

lbl_calories.grid(row=0,column=1, padx=5, sticky="w")
lbl_proteines.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10)
lbl_glucides.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10)
lbl_lipides.grid(row=0,column =4, padx=10)
lbl_fruits.grid(row=1,column =5, padx=10)

btn_kiwi.grid(row=2, column=5, pady=10)

btn_banane.grid(row=3, column=5, pady=10)

window.mainloop()

Answer 1

好吧，我想我改进了你的代码：

from tkinter import Tk, Button, Entry, Label

class MainWindow(Tk):
def __init__(self):
Tk.__init__(self)
self.title('Nutrient calculator')
# entry
Label(self, text='Amount').grid(row=0, column=0)
self.amount = Entry(self, width=5, bg='light grey')
self.amount.grid(row=1, column=0)
# calories
Label(self, text='Calories').grid(row=0, column=1)
self.calories = Label(self)
self.calories.grid(row=1, column=1)
# proteins
Label(self, text='Proteins').grid(row=0, column=2)
self.proteins = Label(self)
self.proteins.grid(row=1, column=2)
# glucose
Label(self, text='Glucose').grid(row=0, column=3)
self.glucose = Label(self)
self.glucose.grid(row=1, column=3)
# lipids
Label(self, text='Lipids').grid(row=0, column=4)
self.lipids = Label(self)
self.lipids.grid(row=1, column=4)
# list of all labels
self.data_labels = [self.calories, self.proteins, self.glucose, self.lipids]
# error label for if no value is entered or it cannot be converted
self.error_label = Label(self, text='Use integer or float value!')
# stuff for adding multiple foods
self.do_add = False
self.nutrient_list = []
self.plus_btn = Button(self, text='Add', command=self.add)
self.plus_btn.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky='nwes')
def display_values(self, value_list):
self.nutrient_list.append(value_list)
if len(self.nutrient_list) == 2 and not self.do_add:
self.nutrient_list.pop(0)
elif len(self.nutrient_list) > 2 and not self.do_add:
self.nutrient_list = [self.nutrient_list[-1]]
print(self.nutrient_list)
if self.do_add:
value_list = []
for i in range(len(self.nutrient_list[0])):
total_value = 0
for item in self.nutrient_list:
total_value += item[i]
value_list.append(total_value)
for text, label in zip(value_list, self.data_labels):
label.config(text=f'{text:.2f}')
self.do_add = False
def handle_value_error(self):
self.error_label.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=4)
def add(self):
self.do_add = True
self.amount.delete(0, 'end')

class Values:
def __init__(self, name, row, column, calories, proteins, glucose, lipids):
self.parent = root
self.name = name
self.row = row
self.column = column
self.calories = calories
self.proteins = proteins
self.glucose = glucose
self.lipids = lipids
self.stuff_list = [self.calories, self.proteins, self.glucose, self.lipids]
self.button = Button(self.parent, text=self.name, command=self.set_values)
self.button.grid(row=self.row, column=self.column, sticky='nwse')
def set_values(self):
value_list = []
value_ = self.parent.amount.get()
try:
formula = float(value_) / 100
self.parent.error_label.grid_forget()
for item in self.stuff_list:
item *= formula
value_list.append(item)
self.parent.display_values(value_list)
except ValueError:
self.parent.handle_value_error()

root = MainWindow()
kiwi = Values('Kiwi', 2, 4, calories=53, proteins=1.6, glucose=11.1, lipids=0.3)
banana = Values('Banana', 3, 4, calories=90, proteins=1.5, glucose=20.1, lipids=0)
root.mainloop()

它并不一定更好，但是使用此代码的一些好处是：

1. 更好的组织(IMO(，因为它使用的类使它非常整洁(然而，你必须了解它们(

2. 占用更少的空间-我的意思是，现在，要定义一种新的食物，你只需要启动Values类并给它必要的参数。您可以从给定的实例中举例说明。

3. 可能更容易扩展(因为更好的组织和占用更少的空间(

我编辑了代码，所以现在它应该有这个功能，它的工作方式是你选择一个数量，然后是水果，如果你想添加更多，按下添加按钮，然后选择数量，按下食物，它会显示到目前为止的总数，然后再次，如果你想要添加更多，请按下添加，然后放入一个数量并按下水果，目前，"清除"的方法是按下任何食物按钮，然后重置整个列表，只保留刚才按下的那个，然后重复。