我想验证dict
,其中的值符合以下规则:
- 值必须是单个
float
或List(float)
- 如果是单个
float
,则该值必须为1 - 如果是
List(float)
,则每个浮点值必须为正
以下是我的代码和一些测试断言,它们运行正常:
import cerberus
v = cerberus.Validator()
schema1 = {
"key1": {
"type": ["float", "list"],
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"schema": {"type": "float", "min": 0},
}
}
document1 = {"key1": 1}
document2 = {"key1": 5}
document3 = {"key1": "5"}
document4 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.3]}
document5 = {"key1": ["0.5", 0.3]}
assert v.validate(document1, schema1)
assert not v.validate(document2, schema1)
assert not v.validate(document3, schema1)
assert v.validate(document4, schema1)
assert not v.validate(document5, schema1)
现在,我必须实现另一个条件:
- 如果是
List(float)
,则float
的sum
必须等于1
因此,我编写了一个check_with
函数,如文档中所述(https://docs.python-cerberus.org/en/stable/validation-rules.html)。
from cerberus import Validator
class MyValidator(Validator):
def _check_with_sum_eq_one(self, field, value):
"""Checks if sum equals 1"""
if sum(value) != 1:
self._error(field, f"Sum of '{field}' must exactly equal 1")
调整后的模式和测试文档如下所示:
v = MyValidator()
schema2 = {
"key1": {
"type": ["float", "list"],
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"schema": {"type": "float", "min": 0, "max": 1, "check_with": "sum_eq_one"},
}
}
document1 = {"key1": 1}
document2 = {"key1": 5}
document3 = {"key1": "5"}
document4 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.3]} # error
document5 = {"key1": ["0.5", 0.3]} # error
document6 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.5]} # error
现在,每当值是List(float)
时,只有list
的第一个元素会被注入到我的函数中,从而得到TypeError: 'float' object is not iterable
验证document4
时,field
将为int=0
和value=0.5
。因此,错误消息是有意义的。
我想知道,为什么整个列表没有传递给我的函数?我在这里错过了什么?
如果您试图捕捉错误,并且只在发生错误的情况下继续执行您的函数,该怎么办?例如,像这样:
class MyValidator(Validator):
def _check_with_sum_eq_one(self, field, value):
""" Checks whether value is a list and its sum equals 1.0. """
if isinstance(value, list) and sum(value) != 1.0:
self._error(str(value), f"Sum of '{field}' must exactly equal 1")
schema2 = {
"key1": {
"type": ["list", "float"],
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"schema": {"type": "float", "min": 0, "max": 1},
"check_with": "sum_eq_one",
}
}
v = MyValidator(schema2)
document1 = {"key1": 1}
document2 = {"key1": 5}
document3 = {"key1": "5"}
document4 = {"key1": [0.3, 0.5]} # error
document5 = {"key1": ["0.5", 0.3]} # error
#document6 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.5]} # error
assert v.validate(document1)
assert not v.validate(document2)
assert not v.validate(document3)
assert v.validate(document4)
assert not v.validate(document5)
以下答案工作正常。然而,在我看来,这太复杂了。
首先,按如下方式调整schema2
:
schema2 = {
"key1": {
"type": ["float", "list"],
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"check_with": "sum_eq_one"
}
}
接下来,按如下方式调整_check_with_sum_eq_one
:
class MyValidator(Validator):
def _check_with_sum_eq_one(self, field, value):
"""Checks if sum equals 1"""
if (isinstance(value, float) or isinstance(value, int)) and value != 1:
self._error(field, f"Sum of '{field}' must exactly equal 1")
if isinstance(value, list):
if all([isinstance(x, float) for x in value]):
if sum(value) != 1:
self._error(field, f"Sum of '{field}' must exactly equal 1")
else:
self._error(field, f"All list members must be of type ['float']")
最后,断言一切如预期。
v = MyValidator()
document1 = {"key1": 1}
document2 = {"key1": 5}
document3 = {"key1": "5"}
document4 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.3]}
document5 = {"key1": ["0.5", 0.3]}
document6 = {"key1": [0.5, 0.5]}
assert v.validate(document1, schema2)
assert not v.validate(document2, schema2)
assert not v.validate(document3, schema2)
assert not v.validate(document4, schema2)
assert not v.validate(document5, schema2)
assert v.validate(document6, schema2)
我不喜欢的是,如果所有列表成员的类型都是float
(if all([isinstance(x, float) for x in value])
(,我需要"手动"检查。在我看来,这个测试属于schema2
。然而,在某种程度上,我没有成功地调整schema2
,即float
类型的测试先于check_with
验证。
任何进一步简化此任务的提示都将不胜感激。