Android指令单元测试不会在一个物理设备上运行

Question

当我试图对最近转换为使用androidX支持库的项目运行单元测试时，我有一个设备会引发异常。测试已经在模拟器和其他物理设备上运行。

它不会在其上运行的设备是运行9的Pixel 2。

应用程序崩溃，出现此异常：

AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
AndroidRuntime: PID: 7050
AndroidRuntime: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Call to getContentProviderExternal for: android_support_test_services.speak_easy returns null!
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.speakeasy.client.ToolConnection$ToolConnectionPostIcs.doCall(ToolConnection.java:155)
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.speakeasy.client.ToolConnection.publish(ToolConnection.java:93)
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.speakeasy.client.ToolConnection.publish(ToolConnection.java:83)
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.shellexecutor.BlockingPublish.getResult(BlockingPublish.java:79)
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.shellexecutor.ShellCommandExecutorServer.start(ShellCommandExecutorServer.java:80)
AndroidRuntime:     at androidx.test.services.shellexecutor.ShellMain.main(ShellMain.java:45)
AndroidRuntime:     at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit.nativeFinishInit(Native Method)
AndroidRuntime:     at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit.main(RuntimeInit.java:340)
AndroidRuntime: Error reporting crash
AndroidRuntime: java.lang.RuntimeException: Bad file descriptor
AndroidRuntime:     at android.os.BinderProxy.transactNative(Native Method)
AndroidRuntime:     at android.os.BinderProxy.transact(Binder.java:1127)
AndroidRuntime:     at android.app.IActivityManager$Stub$Proxy.handleApplicationCrash(IActivityManager.java:3711)
AndroidRuntime:     at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$KillApplicationHandler.uncaughtException(RuntimeInit.java:143)
AndroidRuntime:     at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1068)
AndroidRuntime:     at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1063)
AndroidRuntime:     at java.lang.Thread.dispatchUncaughtException(Thread.java:1955)

简化单元测试：

import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule
import org.junit.Assert
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
class MyTest {
@Rule
var activityTestRule: ActivityTestRule<AuthAppActivity> = object : ActivityTestRule<AuthAppActivity>(AuthAppActivity::class.java, false, false) {
override fun afterActivityLaunched() {
}
override fun beforeActivityLaunched() {
}
}
@Test
fun runTest() {
Assert.assertTrue(true);   // low standards here
}
}

以及相关的依赖关系：

testImplementation('junit:junit:4.12') {
exclude group: 'org.hamcrest', module: 'hamcrest-core'
}
testImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
androidTestImplementation "androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:runner:1.1.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:rules:1.1.0"
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:3.1.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.1.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-web:3.1.0"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.1.0"

Answer 1

设备中显然缺少提供程序android_support_testrongervices.speak_easy。我在工作设备上运行了测试，发现在该设备上使用并找到了相同的提供程序。我调出了AndroidX之前的一个旧分支，从那里运行了一个仪器测试，然后切换回来，错误消失了。

旧版本安装了以下版本：

test-services-1.0.2.apk
orchestrator-1.0.2.apk

较新的androidx:

orchestrator-1.1.0-alpha3.apk
test-services-1.1.0-alpha3.apk

Answer 2

我终于解决了这个问题，因为我意识到我使用的是旧版本的Test Orchestrator链接，我意外地依赖于旧的android.support.test版本，而不是androidx.test版本，尽管我已经将所有其他测试包更新为androidx.Test。