Hilt测试单元带有视图模型，未注册仪器

Question

我想使用Hilt到ViewModel实现Dependency注入。这是有效的。但我不能测试它。它显示错误。有人读过其他帖子，但没有人回复。

此错误可能有太多的测试依赖关系和冲突。

版本

Hilt版本=2.35.1Android Studio=4.2.1

测试等级

最简单的代码不会运行

package com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.ui.movie
import com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.data.repository.MovieRepository
import dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltAndroidRule
import dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltAndroidTest
import org.junit.Before
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import javax.inject.Inject
@HiltAndroidTest
class MovieViewModelTest {
@get:Rule var hiltrule = HiltAndroidRule(this)
@Inject
lateinit var repository: MovieRepository
@Before
fun setUp() {
hiltrule.inject()
}
@Test
fun some(){
//
}
}

错误

但@get:Rule出现错误

java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instrumentation registered! Must run under a registering instrumentation.
at androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation(InstrumentationRegistry.java:45)
at androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(ApplicationProvider.java:41)
at dagger.hilt.android.internal.testing.MarkThatRulesRanRule.<init>(MarkThatRulesRanRule.java:41)
at dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltAndroidRule.<init>(HiltAndroidRule.java:36)
at com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.ui.movie.MovieViewModelTest2.<init>(MovieViewModelTest2.kt:19)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:490)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:250)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:260)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$2.runReflectiveCall(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:309)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:220)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:53)

设置自定义测试运行程序

我试着制作自定义的测试运行程序

package com.unlink.moviecatalogue6
class CustomTestRunnerByMe : AndroidJUnitRunner() {
override fun newApplication(
cl: ClassLoader?,
className: String?,
context: Context?
): Application {
return super.newApplication(cl, HiltTestApplication::class.java.name, context)
}
}

这是我的完整build.gradle

plugins {
id 'com.android.application'
id 'kotlin-android'
id 'kotlin-kapt'
id 'dagger.hilt.android.plugin'
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"
buildFeatures{
viewBinding true
}

defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.unlink.moviecatalogue6"
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
//custom test runner
testInstrumentationRunner "com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.CustomTestRunnerByMe"
//testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
multiDexEnabled false
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
kotlinOptions {
jvmTarget = '1.8'
}
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.3.2'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.2.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.3.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.4'
// viewmodels
implementation 'androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.2.3'
implementation 'androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.3.3'
//image library
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:3.1.0'
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.12.0'
implementation 'androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0'
implementation 'androidx.palette:palette-ktx:1.0.0'

//Retrofit
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0'
implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:5.0.0-alpha.2"
implementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:5.0.0-alpha.2"
//Kotlin Coroutines
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:$coroutines_android_version"
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:$coroutines_android_version"
//Hilt
implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:$hilt_version"
implementation "androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha03"
kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:$hilt_version"
kapt "androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0"
// default testing
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.2'

// mockito testing
testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:2.1.0"
testImplementation "org.mockito.kotlin:mockito-kotlin:3.2.0"
//coroutine test
//For runBlockingTest, CoroutineDispatcher etc.
testImplementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-test:1.4.2"
// hilt testing
// For Robolectric tests.
testImplementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-testing:$hilt_version"
kaptTest "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:$hilt_version"
// For instrumented tests.
androidTestImplementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-testing:$hilt_version"
kaptAndroidTest "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:$hilt_version"

// Espresso dependencies
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$espresso_version"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:$espresso_version"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:$espresso_version"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility:$espresso_version"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-web:$espresso_version"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent:$espresso_version"
}
kapt{
correctErrorTypes true
}

我在Hilt文档和谷歌开发者文档上关注文档

任何回复都将不胜感激，感谢您对的帮助

Answer 1

使用RobolectricTestRunner，我们可以在没有模拟器或真实设备的情况下运行依赖于android框架的测试。

ViewModel是一个android库。因此，要测试ViewModel，需要添加RobolectricTestRunner。

对于第一个添加依赖

//Unit test 
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.4'
//UI test
androidTestImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.4'

然后将这些代码添加到测试类之上。

@HiltAndroidTest
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(sdk = {Build.VERSION_CODES.VERSION_CODE}, application = HiltTestApplication.class)
public class HiltMainViewModelTest{
//your test code
}

现在，您的HiltCustomTestRunner将使用RobolectricTestRunner来测试android代码。

Answer 2

package com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.ui.movie
import com.unlink.moviecatalogue6.data.repository.MovieRepository
import dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltAndroidRule
import dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltAndroidTest
import org.junit.Before
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import javax.inject.Inject
@HiltAndroidTest
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class MovieViewModelTest {
@get:Rule var hiltrule = HiltAndroidRule(this)
@Inject
lateinit var repository: MovieRepository
@Before
fun setUp() {
hiltrule.inject()
}
@Test
fun some(){
//
}
}

添加@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4:：class(