如何添加更多的测试数据来断言哪个返回对象

Question

我在Xuit中进行了此集成测试。

[Fact]
public async Task AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass()
{
var campaign = new Campaign
{
Title = "Test",
StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 6, 5),
EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 6, 6)
};
using (var context = new CampaignDbContext(_options))
{
_campaignService = new CampaignService(context);
var actualCampaign = await _campaignService.AddCampaignAsync(campaign);
Assert.Equal(campaign.Title, actualCampaign.Title);
Assert.Equal(campaign.StartDate, actualCampaign.StartDate);
Assert.Equal(campaign.EndDate, actualCampaign.EndDate);
}
}

CCD_ 1的代码如下：

public async Task<Campaign> AddCampaignAsync(Campaign campaign)
{            
if (campaign.EndDate != null) {
if (campaign.StartDate > campaign.EndDate)
{
throw new Exception("The campaign start date cannot be greater than end date");
}
}

await _context.Campaigns.AddAsync(campaign);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
return campaign;
}

它运行良好。但是，我是否可以将campaign的集合作为测试数据传递，而不是仅将一个campaign对象作为测试数据？

Answer 1

首先，从测试方法中删除campaign，并将其作为该方法的参数。然后移除Fact属性并添加Theory属性。Fact属性通常用于测试不涉及数据集合的位置。需要对不同数据多次运行的测试通常用Theory:进行修饰

[Theory]
public async Task AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass(Campaign campaign)
{
using (var context = new CampaignDbContext(_options))
{
_campaignService = new CampaignService(context);
var actualCampaign = await _campaignService.AddCampaignAsync(campaign);
Assert.Equal(campaign.Title, actualCampaign.Title);
Assert.Equal(campaign.StartDate, actualCampaign.StartDate);
Assert.Equal(campaign.EndDate, actualCampaign.EndDate);
}
}

有几个选项可以为测试方法提供测试数据。

1.继承自TheoryData<T>

CCD_ 10用于为测试方法的参数提供数据。它为不同的方法参数长度定义了几个通用重载。AddCampaignAsync1有一个参数Campaign，因此从TheoryData<Campaign>继承：

public class CampaignData : TheoryData<Campaign>
{
public CampaignData()
{
Add(new Campaign { Title = "Test1", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 1, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 10, 6) });
Add(new Campaign { Title = "Test2", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 2, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 9, 6) });
Add(new Campaign { Title = "Test3", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 3, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 8, 6) });
Add(new Campaign { Title = "Test4", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 4, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 7, 6) });
}
}

在构造函数中，调用Add方法将Campaign对象添加到集合中。现在您可以使用ClassData属性：

[Theory]
[ClassData(typeof(CampaignData))]
public async Task AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass(Campaign campaign)
{
using (var context = new CampaignDbContext(_options))
{
_campaignService = new CampaignService(context);
var actualCampaign = await _campaignService.AddCampaignAsync(campaign);
Assert.Equal(campaign.Title, actualCampaign.Title);
Assert.Equal(campaign.StartDate, actualCampaign.StartDate);
Assert.Equal(campaign.EndDate, actualCampaign.EndDate);
}
}

使用ClassData(typeof(CampaignData))，您将告诉xUnit，CampaignData类具有此方法需要调用的所有参数。

2.使用MemberData

如果不想创建新类，也可以将集合项定义为同一类的静态成员。在具有AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass方法的同一类中，定义一个静态属性或字段，如下所示。此属性的类型为IEnumerable<object[]>。它是object[]阵列的集合。集合中的每个object数组都为测试方法定义了一个参数列表，您的测试方法有一个参数Campaign campaign。因此，每个对象数组都可以包含一个Campaign对象。然后在AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass上添加具有属性名称的MemberData属性：

class YourTestClass
{
public static IEnumerable<object[]> Campaigns => new List<object[]>
{
new object[]
{
new Campaign { Title = "Test1", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 1, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 10, 6) },
new Campaign { Title = "Test2", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 2, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 9, 6) },
new Campaign { Title = "Test3", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 3, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 8, 6) },
new Campaign { Title = "Test4", StartDate = new DateTime(2021, 4, 5), EndDate = new DateTime(2021, 7, 6) }
}
};

[Theory]
[MemberData(nameof(Campaigns))]
public async Task AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass(Campaign campaign)
{
using (var context = new CampaignDbContext(_options))
{
_campaignService = new CampaignService(context);
var actualCampaign = await _campaignService.AddCampaignAsync(campaign);
Assert.Equal(campaign.Title, actualCampaign.Title);
Assert.Equal(campaign.StartDate, actualCampaign.StartDate);
Assert.Equal(campaign.EndDate, actualCampaign.EndDate);
}
}
}

这将使用Campaigns属性的object数组中的每个Campaign对象调用方法AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass。

如果您只有几个Campaign对象要测试，那么Sergei使用InlineData属性的方法是一个不错的选择。

^{参考：https://andrewlock.net/creating-strongly-typed-xunit-theory-test-data-with-theorydata/(你可以在这里找到更多的方法(}

Answer 2

您可以使用数据驱动的测试。

例如：

[Theory]
[InlineData("Test1", "2021-06-05", "2021-06-06")]
[InlineData("Test2", "2021-06-07", "2021-06-08")]
public async Task AddCampaignAsync_GivenUniqueTitle_GivenGoodDates_ShouldPass(string title, DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate)
{
var campaign = new Campaign
{
Title = title,
StartDate = startDate,
EndDate = endDate
};
...

您可以在此处找到更多示例：https://andrewlock.net/creating-parameterised-tests-in-xunit-with-inlinedata-classdata-and-memberdata/