小贝子编程

C程序没有在Arduino Mega上打开Serial



我有一个C程序(win32api(，它通过串行(USB(与我的Arduino Mega通信。

我可以通过IDE的串行监视器与Arduino fine进行通信。

如果我插入Arduino并运行C程序，端口似乎没有正确打开，也没有通信。在这种情况下，如果我从Arduino的IDE(或另一个串行程序(打开串行监视器，然后再次关闭它，那么C程序就可以完美地工作了。

这是我从C程序中得到的端口代码(在这个例子中，它被传递了5，因为这是Arduino正在使用的端口(：

CSerialPort.h：

#pragma once
#include <Windows.h>
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_1200 CBR_1200
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_9600 CBR_9600
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_1155 CBR_1155
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_4800 CBR_4800
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_19200 CBR_19200
#define CP_DATA_BITS_5 5
#define CP_DATA_BITS_6 6
#define CP_DATA_BITS_7 7
#define CP_DATA_BITS_8 8
#define CP_STOP_BITS_ONE ONESTOPBIT
#define CP_STOP_BITS_TWO TWOSTOPBITS
#define CP_STOP_BITS_ONE_AND_HALF ONE5STOPBITS
#define CP_PARITY_NOPARITY NOPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_ODD ODDPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_EVEN EVENPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_MARK MARKPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_SPACE SPACEPARITY
typedef HANDLE PORT;
PORT OpenPort(int idx);
void ClosePort(PORT com_port);
int SetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port, int rate);
int SetPortDataBits(PORT com_port, int databits);
int SetPortStopBits(PORT com_port, int stopbits);
int SetPortParity(PORT com_port, int parity);
int GetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port);
int GetPortDataBits(PORT com_port);
int GetPortStopBits(PORT com_port);
int GetPortParity(PORT com_port);
int SendData(PORT com_port,const char * data);
int ReciveData(PORT com_port, char * databuffer,int bufferlen);

CSerialPort.c

#include "CSerialPort.h"
#include <time.h>
PORT OpenPort(int idx)
{
HANDLE hComm;
TCHAR comname[100];
wsprintf(comname, TEXT("\\.\COM%d"), idx);
hComm = CreateFile(comname,            //port name
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, //Read/Write
0,            // No Sharing
NULL,         // No Security
OPEN_EXISTING,// Open existing port only
0,            // Non Overlapped I/O
NULL);        // Null for Comm Devices
if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
return NULL;
COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = { 0 };
timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
if (SetCommTimeouts(hComm, &timeouts) == FALSE)
return NULL;
if (SetCommMask(hComm, EV_RXCHAR) == FALSE)
return NULL;
return hComm;
}
void ClosePort(PORT com_port)
{
CloseHandle(com_port);
}
int SetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port, int rate)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
printf("FALSE BAUD STATE");
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = rate;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortDataBits(PORT com_port, int bits)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
printf("FALSE DATABITS STATE");
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = bits;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortStopBits(PORT com_port, int bits)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
printf("FALSE STOP STATE");
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.StopBits = bits;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortParity(PORT com_port, int parity)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
printf("FALSE PARITY STATE");
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.Parity = parity;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int GetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.BaudRate;
}
int GetPortDataBits(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.ByteSize;
}
int GetPortStopBits(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.StopBits;
}
int GetPortParity(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.Parity;
}
int SendData(PORT com_port, const char * data)
{
DWORD  dNoOFBytestoWrite = strlen(data);
DWORD  dNoOfBytesWritten;
BOOL Status = WriteFile(com_port,
data,
dNoOFBytestoWrite,
&dNoOfBytesWritten,
NULL);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dNoOfBytesWritten;
}
int ReciveData(PORT com_port, char * data, int len)
{
DWORD dwEventMask;
DWORD NoBytesRead;
BOOL Status = WaitCommEvent(com_port, &dwEventMask, NULL);
if (Status == FALSE) {
return FALSE;
}
Status = ReadFile(com_port, data, len, &NoBytesRead, NULL);
data[NoBytesRead] = 0;
if (Status == FALSE) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}

测试代码：

#include "CSerialPort.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
bool sendComms(char * msgSndPtr, int portNum)
{
auto p1 = OpenPort(portNum);
SetPortBaudRate(p1, CP_BAUD_RATE_9600);
SetPortDataBits(p1, CP_DATA_BITS_8);
SetPortStopBits(p1, CP_STOP_BITS_ONE);
SetPortParity(p1, CP_PARITY_NOPARITY);
SendData(p1, msgSndPtr);
ClosePort(p1);
printf("%s sent.n", msgSndPtr); //debug
//strcpy(msgSndPtr,"");
return 1;
}

bool receiveComms(char * msgRecPtr, int portNum)
{
bool status = 0;
strcpy(msgRecPtr,"");
SetPortBaudRate(portNum, CP_BAUD_RATE_9600);
SetPortDataBits(portNum, CP_DATA_BITS_8);
SetPortStopBits(portNum, CP_STOP_BITS_ONE);
SetPortParity(portNum, CP_PARITY_NOPARITY);
auto p1 = OpenPort(portNum);
status = ReciveData(p1, msgRecPtr, 50);
ClosePort(p1);
if (!status) //if nothing is received, cancel out and show error
{
return 0;
}
else
{
printf("%s received.n", msgRecPtr); //debug
return 1;
}
}
void main()
{
char msgRec[50];
char * msgRecPtr = msgRec;
char msgSnd[50];
char * msgSndPtr = msgSnd;
while (!(strcmp("end",msgRecPtr)))
{
sendComms(msgSndPtr,  5);
receiveComms(msgRecPtr,  5);
printf("sent: %sn, msgSndPtr);
printf("received: %sn, msgRecPtr);
}
}

arduino代码：

int i = 0;
void setup() 
{
// Initiate Serial
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial) ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB
Serial.println("serial ready");
}
void loop() 
{
Serial.println("testing comms");
i++
delay (150);
if (i == 10) {
Serial.println("end");
}
}

如果有人在使用win32时遇到过这个问题，或者知道串行监视器是如何打开它的端口的，那将非常有帮助。

编辑：只是为了澄清一下，一旦端口成功打开一次(除了我的C程序之外的任何程序(，我的C程就会正常工作，并且可以成功打开/关闭端口，直到下一次电源循环。

感谢

我已经修复了您的代码！

主要错误是：

Incorrect use of COM port number where a handle was required
Closing the port after sending data and before receiving response which flush input buffer
Almost no error check which prohibed to know what was wrong

在测试代码中，主循环不正确。没有发送任何数据，并且当"；结束"；收到的是错误的。

打开端口后，我移动了COM端口参数化一次(也可能在OpenPort内部(。

处理接收的方式与您定义的通信协议有关。我还没碰那部分。如果是我的软件，我会将协议设计为面向线路的协议，即发送和接收的每条消息都将以CRLF对终止的线路的形式。然后，接收可以是一个循环，累积所有字符，直到找到行的末尾。

下面是固定的源代码。仍然有大量的romm可供增强。

测试代码：

#include "CSerialPort.h"
#include <stdio.h>     
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
bool SetComParameters(PORT comPort, int rate, int dataBits, int stopBits, int parity)
{
if (!SetPortBaudRate(comPort, CP_BAUD_RATE_9600)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set baudraten");
return 0;
}
if (!SetPortDataBits(comPort, CP_DATA_BITS_8)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set data bitsn");
return 0;
}
if (!SetPortStopBits(comPort, CP_STOP_BITS_ONE)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set stop bitsn");
return 0;
}
if (!SetPortParity(comPort, CP_PARITY_NOPARITY)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set parityn");
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
bool sendComms(char* msgSndPtr, PORT comPort)
{
SendData(comPort, msgSndPtr);
return 1;
}
bool receiveComms(char* msgRecPtr, PORT comPort)
{
bool status = 0;
strcpy(msgRecPtr, "");
status = ReceiveData(comPort, msgRecPtr, 50);
return status;
}
void main()
{
char msgRec[50];
char* msgRecPtr = msgRec;
char msgSnd[50];
char* msgSndPtr = msgSnd;
int portNum = 1;
PORT com_port = OpenPort(portNum);                            
if (com_port == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open COM%dn", portNum);
return;
}
if (!SetComParameters(com_port, CP_BAUD_RATE_9600, CP_DATA_BITS_8, CP_STOP_BITS_ONE, CP_PARITY_NOPARITY)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error setting parametersn");
return;
}
do {   // FPiette use of do/while instead of while loop
strcpy(msgSnd, "Hellorn");
if (!sendComms(msgSndPtr, com_port)) {  
fprintf(stderr, "sendComs failedn");
break;
}
printf("sent: %sn", msgSndPtr);
if (!receiveComms(msgRecPtr, com_port)) {
fprintf(stderr, "receiveComms failedn");
break;
}
printf("received: %sn", msgRecPtr);
} while (strcmp("end", msgRecPtr));
ClosePort(&com_port);
printf("Done.n");
}

CSerialPort.c:

#include <stdio.h>
#include "CSerialPort.h"
#include <time.h>
PORT OpenPort(int idx)
{
HANDLE hComm;
TCHAR comname[100];
wsprintf(comname, TEXT("\\.\COM%d"), idx);
hComm = CreateFile(comname,            //port name
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, //Read/Write
0,            // No Sharing
NULL,         // No Security
OPEN_EXISTING,// Open existing port only
0,            // Non Overlapped I/O
NULL);        // Null for Comm Devices
if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
return NULL;
COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = { 0 };
timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
if (SetCommTimeouts(hComm, &timeouts) == FALSE)
return NULL;
if (SetCommMask(hComm, EV_RXCHAR) == FALSE)
return NULL;
return hComm;
}
void ClosePort(PORT* com_port)
{
if (com_port && *com_port) {
CloseHandle(*com_port);
*com_port = NULL;
}
}
int SetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port, int rate)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = rate;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortDataBits(PORT com_port, int bits)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = bits;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortStopBits(PORT com_port, int bits)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.StopBits = bits;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int SetPortParity(PORT com_port, int parity)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;  
dcbSerialParams.Parity = parity;
Status = SetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
return Status;
}
int GetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port)
{
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.BaudRate;
}
int GetPortDataBits(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.ByteSize;
}
int GetPortStopBits(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.StopBits;
}
int GetPortParity(PORT com_port) {
DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
BOOL Status;
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
Status = GetCommState(com_port, &dcbSerialParams);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dcbSerialParams.Parity;
}
int SendData(PORT com_port, const char* data)
{
DWORD  dNoOFBytestoWrite = strlen(data);
DWORD  dNoOfBytesWritten;
BOOL Status = WriteFile(com_port,
data,
dNoOFBytestoWrite,
&dNoOfBytesWritten,
NULL);
if (Status == FALSE)
return -1;
return dNoOfBytesWritten;
}
int ReceiveData(PORT com_port, char* data, int len)
{
DWORD dwEventMask = 0;
DWORD NoBytesRead = 0;
BOOL Status = WaitCommEvent(com_port, &dwEventMask, NULL);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;
Status = ReadFile(com_port, data, len, &NoBytesRead, NULL);
if (Status == FALSE)
return FALSE;
data[NoBytesRead] = 0;
return TRUE;
}

CSerialPort.h:

#pragma once
#include <Windows.h>
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_1200 CBR_1200
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_9600 CBR_9600
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_1155 CBR_1155
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_4800 CBR_4800
#define CP_BAUD_RATE_19200 CBR_19200
#define CP_DATA_BITS_5 5
#define CP_DATA_BITS_6 6
#define CP_DATA_BITS_7 7
#define CP_DATA_BITS_8 8
#define CP_STOP_BITS_ONE ONESTOPBIT
#define CP_STOP_BITS_TWO TWOSTOPBITS
#define CP_STOP_BITS_ONE_AND_HALF ONE5STOPBITS
#define CP_PARITY_NOPARITY NOPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_ODD ODDPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_EVEN EVENPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_MARK MARKPARITY
#define CP_PARITY_SPACE SPACEPARITY
#define bool BOOL
typedef HANDLE PORT;
PORT OpenPort(int idx);
void ClosePort(PORT* com_port);
int SetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port, int rate);
int SetPortDataBits(PORT com_port, int databits);
int SetPortStopBits(PORT com_port, int stopbits);
int SetPortParity(PORT com_port, int parity);
int GetPortBaudRate(PORT com_port);
int GetPortDataBits(PORT com_port);
int GetPortStopBits(PORT com_port);
int GetPortParity(PORT com_port);
int SendData(PORT com_port, const char* data);
int ReceiveData(PORT com_port, char* databuffer, int bufferlen);

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