我想做的:
我正在使用一个函数来pickle一个包含字符统计的字典。我定义了一个字典来定义字符的属性，如下所示:
character = {'health': health, 'damage': damage, 'shield': shield, 'magic': magic, 'luck': luck, 'name': name}
然后我要求用户输入告诉程序用户想要调用他们的保存文件，然后我使用我的save_character函数保存它。
用户输入:
character_file_name = input('> ')
save_character(character_file_name)
保存字符函数如下:
def save_character(save_name):
save_name_pickle = save_name + '.pickle'
type('> saving character')
w(1)
with open(save_name_pickle, 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(character, f)
type('> character saved successfully')
问题:
如果我运行程序，它要求一个文件名，它返回名称错误:
NameError: name 'character' is not defined
尽管我可以看到我已经定义了这个
完全回溯错误:
File "C:UserssbenfOneDrivePython ProjectsLarge ProjectsAdventure_Colussus_Gameadventure_colussus.py", line 166, in <module>
character_generator()
File "C:UserssbenfOneDrivePython ProjectsLarge ProjectsAdventure_Colussus_Gameadventure_colussus.py", line 133, in character_generator
save_character(character_file_name)
File "C:UserssbenfOneDrivePython ProjectsLarge ProjectsAdventure_Colussus_Gameadventure_colussus.py", line 40, in save_character
pickle.dump(character, f)
NameError: name 'character' is not defined
完整代码:
from os import system
from ascii_art_functions import mountain_range
from ascii_art_functions import character_selection_horse_and_knight
from ascii_art_functions import screen_line
import random
import math
import time
import datetime
import pickle
import sys
import os
#miscellaneous functions + procedures
def w(t):
time.sleep(t)
def version_counter(filename="adventure_colussus_version_counter.dat"):
with open(filename, "a+") as f:
f.seek(0)
val = int(f.read() or 0) + 1
f.seek(0)
f.truncate()
f.write(str(val))
return val
counter = version_counter()
def type(text):
for char in text:
sys.stdout.write(char)
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(0.021)
def save_character(save_name):
save_name_pickle = save_name + '.pickle'
type('> saving character')
w(1)
with open(save_name_pickle, 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(character, f)
type('> character saved successfully')
def load_character(load_name):
load_name_pickle = load_name + '.pickle'
type('> loading character...')
w(1)
with open(load_name_pickle, 'rb') as f:
character = pickle.load(f)
type('> character loaded successfullyn')
type('n> welcome back ')
type(character['name'])
type('!!!n')
w(0.5)
type('n> here are your stats from last time: ')
type(character)
def character_generator():
type('n > we have reached the first crucial part of your journey: we must choose the path that you will take! the decisionn')
w(0.5)
type(' > is up to you my friend! Whether you choose to be a bloodthisty warrior or a cunning and strategic fighter,n')
w(0.8)
type(' > the choice is yours!n')
w(0.5)
type('n > now then, lets get right into it!')
w(0.8)
type(' are you more of a tanky player[1] or a strategic player[2]?')
player_type_choice_1 = input('n > ')
if player_type_choice_1 == '1':
health = 100
damage = 75
elif player_type_choice_1 == '2':
health = 75
damage = 50
type('n > so, we have that out of the way, lets carry on!')
w(0.8)
type(' oh of course! sorry to forget! another quick question: ')
w(0.5)
type('do you like n')
type(' > to use magic from great distances[1] or run in to the thick of battle weilding a deadly blade[2]? ')
player_type_choice_2 = input('n > ')
if player_type_choice_2 == '1':
shield = 50
magic = 75
elif player_type_choice_2 == '2':
shield = 75
magic = 45
type('n > good good! we have decided your play style and your preferred ways of attacking the enemy!n')
w(0.5)
type(' > now, we must see what luck we are able to bestow upon you. be warned: it is entirely random!n')
w(0.8)
random_luck = input('n > press enter to roll a dice...')
w(0.3)
type(' > rolling dice...n')
luck = random.randint(0,10)
w(1)
print(' > your hero has',luck,'luck out of 10!')
w(0.8)
type('n > we have reached the most important part of creating your character! The naming!n')
type(' > choose wisely. your hero will be named this for the rest of their lives...n')
w(1)
type('n > what should your hero be named?n ')
name = input('> ')
w(1)
type('n > welcome mighty hero! you shall be named: ')
type(name)
type(' !!!n')
type(' > a fine choice')
type('n')
type(' n > now then. i guess you be on your way! you have a journey to start and a belly to fill!n')
type(' > i have to say, i have rather enjoyed your company! feel free to come by at any time!n ')
type('> goodbye and god speed!')
w(1)
print('n')
type(' > your final stats are as follows: n')
w(0.3)
print(' >', '[', 'health:', health, ', damage:', damage, ', shield:', shield, ', magic:', magic, ', luck:', luck, ', name:', name, ']')
type('n > we should now save your character if you want to come back to it later:n ')
character = {'health': health, 'damage': damage, 'shield': shield, 'magic': magic, 'luck': luck, 'name': name}
character_file_name = input('> ')
save_character(character_file_name)
# main game
w(0.5)
e = datetime.datetime.now()
screen_line()
print('n <Adventure Colussus> version: v',counter,'| current date: ',e, '| date of creation: 9.2.2021')
screen_line()
w(0.5)
mountain_range()
screen_line()
print('n > [1] create new game')
print(' > [2] load existing game')
print(' > [3] end game')
print(' > [4] credits')
choice = input("n > ")
if choice == '1':
type("n > you have chosen to create a new game: redirecting...")
w(0.75)
system('cls')
screen_line()
print(' n we will begin with creating your character: quick tip: choose wisely')
screen_line()
w(0.5)
character_selection_horse_and_knight()
screen_line()
w(0.3)
character_generator()
elif choice == '2':
type("n > you have chosen to load an existing game: redirecting...")
w(0.75)
system('cls')
w(0.5)
screen_line()
print(' n we will begin with choosing an existing character: quick tip: make sure it exists!')
screen_line()
w(0.5)
character_selection_horse_and_knight()
screen_line()
character_file_name = input('> character file name: ')
load_character(character_file_name)
elif choice == '3':
type(' > ending session...')
w(0.5)
type(' > session ended successfully')
w(1)
sys.exit()
elif choice == '4':
pass
else:
type('incorrect response. please try again')
我想知道是否有人能指给我正确的方向。
您可以通过在save_character函数中添加另一个参数来解决此问题，以便在调用该函数时必须将character变量传递到括号中:
def save_character(save_name, character):
save_name_pickle = save_name + '.pickle'
type('> saving character')
w(1)
with open(save_name_pickle, 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(character, f)
type('> character saved successfully')
在调用函数的代码中，在
character = {'health': health, 'damage': damage, 'shield': shield, 'magic': magic, 'luck': luck, 'name': name}
character_file_name = input('> ')
save_character(character_file_name)
在save_character函数的括号中插入character变量，如下所示:
character = {'health': health, 'damage': damage, 'shield': shield, 'magic': magic, 'luck': luck, 'name': name}
character_file_name = input('> ')
save_character(character_file_name, character)
上面是处理这个问题的正确方法，但另一种方法是使用global来全球化character变量，不要这样做，因为它被认为是一个不好的做法。