从列表向列表内的字典添加新的键、值

Question

任务:我必须生成一些随机的出生日期，并将其添加到我的三个字典列表中。

我已经生成了随机任务，但我坚持将"出生日期"键添加到鸭子内部的字典中，并使用我创建的列表中的值。有什么建议吗?这是我到目前为止的代码:

ducks =[{'first_name': 'Davey', 'last_name': 'McDuck', 'location': "Rob's Office", 'insane': True, 'followers': 12865, 'following': 120, 
'weapons': ['wit', 'steely stare', 'devilish good looks'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Jim', 'last_name': 'Bob', 'location': 'Turing Lab', 'insane': False, 'followers': 123, 
'following': 5000, 'weapons': ['squeak'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Celest', 'last_name': '', 'location': 'Throne Room', 'insane': True, 'followers': 40189, 'following': 1, 
'weapons': ['politics', 'dance moves', 'chess grandmaster', 'immortality']}] #list with three dictionaries
import random
dob = []
def dateofbirth(number=1):
Year = random.randrange(1990, 2010)
for item in range(number):
yield random.randrange(1990, 2010), random.randrange(1, 12), random.randrange(1, 30)
dateTimeThatIwant = dateofbirth(3)
#print(dateTimeThatIwant)
for year, month, date in dateTimeThatIwant:
#print((year, month, date))
dob.append([year, month, date])
print(dob)
for d in ducks:
d["dob"] = dob_value

Answer 1

这里可以使用zip遍历两个容器。它将允许您接受两个可迭代对象并将其作为元组返回。这些值可以简单地在普通的for循环中使用。您应该注意，这假设ducks和dob具有相同的大小。

ducks =[{'first_name': 'Davey', 'last_name': 'McDuck', 'location': "Rob's Office", 'insane': True, 'followers': 12865, 'following': 120, 
'weapons': ['wit', 'steely stare', 'devilish good looks'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Jim', 'last_name': 'Bob', 'location': 'Turing Lab', 'insane': False, 'followers': 123, 
'following': 5000, 'weapons': ['squeak'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Celest', 'last_name': '', 'location': 'Throne Room', 'insane': True, 'followers': 40189, 'following': 1, 
'weapons': ['politics', 'dance moves', 'chess grandmaster', 'immortality']}] #list with three dictionaries
import random
dob = []
def dateofbirth(number=1):
Year = random.randrange(1990, 2010)
for item in range(number):
yield random.randrange(1990, 2010), random.randrange(1, 12), random.randrange(1, 30)
dateTimeThatIwant = dateofbirth(3)
#print(dateTimeThatIwant)
for year, month, date in dateTimeThatIwant:
#print((year, month, date))
dob.append([year, month, date])
print(dob)
for c_dob, d in zip(dob, ducks):
d['dob'] = c_dob

Answer 2

如果不使用生成器并允许ducks列表为任意长度，并且使用只生成有效日期的伪随机出生日期生成器，则可以这样做:

from datetime import datetime
from random import randint
ducks = [{'first_name': 'Davey', 'last_name': 'McDuck', 'location': "Rob's Office", 'insane': True, 'followers': 12865, 'following': 120,
'weapons': ['wit', 'steely stare', 'devilish good looks'], 'remorse': None},
{'first_name': 'Jim', 'last_name': 'Bob', 'location': 'Turing Lab', 'insane': False, 'followers': 123,
'following': 5000, 'weapons': ['squeak'], 'remorse': None},
{'first_name': 'Celest', 'last_name': '', 'location': 'Throne Room', 'insane': True, 'followers': 40189, 'following': 1,
'weapons': ['politics', 'dance moves', 'chess grandmaster', 'immortality']}]

def randomdate(loyear=1990, hiyear=2010):
while True:
try:
yy = randint(loyear, hiyear)
mm = randint(1, 12)
dd = randint(1, 31)
datetime.strptime(f'{dd}/{mm}/{yy}', '%d/%m/%Y')
return [yy, mm, dd]
except ValueError:
pass

for duck in ducks:
duck['dob'] = randomdate()
print(ducks)

如果随机选择的年、月、日产生了无效的值，则datetime。strptime会引发ValueError，所以我们再试一次

Answer 3

ducks =[{'first_name': 'Davey', 'last_name': 'McDuck', 'location': "Rob's Office", 'insane': True, 'followers': 12865, 'following': 120, 
'weapons': ['wit', 'steely stare', 'devilish good looks'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Jim', 'last_name': 'Bob', 'location': 'Turing Lab', 'insane': False, 'followers': 123, 
'following': 5000, 'weapons': ['squeak'], 'remorse': None}, 
{'first_name': 'Celest', 'last_name': '', 'location': 'Throne Room', 'insane': True, 'followers': 40189, 'following': 1, 
'weapons': ['politics', 'dance moves', 'chess grandmaster', 'immortality']}] #list with three dictionaries
import random
dob = []
def dateofbirth(number=1):
Year = random.randrange(1990, 2010)
for item in range(number):
yield random.randrange(1990, 2010), random.randrange(1, 12), random.randrange(1, 30)
dateTimeThatIwant = dateofbirth(3)
#print(dateTimeThatIwant)
for year, month, date in dateTimeThatIwant:
#print((year, month, date))
dob.append([year, month, date])
print(dob)
for i,d in enumerate(ducks):
d["dob"]=d.get("dob",dob[i])