r-如何将数据集转换为特定类型的矩阵?(RStudio)

Question

我目前正在尝试转换团队得分的数据集：

week AwayTeam AwayScore HomeTeam HomeScore
1    1        A         1        B         1
2    1        C         0        D         1
3    2        A         1        D         0
4    2        B         1        C         0
5    3        C         4        A         0
6    3        D         2        B         2

进入一个看起来像这样的矩阵：

A = matrix(c(1,-1,0,0,
0,0,1,-1,
1,0,0,-1,
0,1,-1,0,
-1,0,1,0,
0,-1,0,1),6,4,byrow = TRUE)

矩阵A的行如下所示："1"表示客场球队，"-1"表示主队，"0"表示每排的剩余空间。因此，矩阵A的第一行是A队(客场(对B队(主场(。

如果有人能帮助将这些数据转换成这样的矩阵，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您可以尝试下面的代码

v <- LETTERS[1:4]
A <- matrix(0,nrow = nrow(df),ncol = 4)
A[cbind(1:nrow(df),match(df$AwayTeam,v))] <- 1
A[cbind(1:nrow(df),match(df$HomeTeam,v))] <- -1

使得

> A
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]    1   -1    0    0
[2,]    0    0    1   -1
[3,]    1    0    0   -1
[4,]    0    1   -1    0
[5,]   -1    0    1    0
[6,]    0   -1    0    1

数据

df <- structure(list(week = c(1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L), AwayTeam = c("A", 
"C", "A", "B", "C", "D"), AwayScore = c(1L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 4L, 2L
), HomeTeam = c("B", "D", "D", "C", "A", "B"), HomeScore = c(1L, 
1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c("1", 
"2", "3", "4", "5", "6"))