如何在PyInputPlus.inputStr()函数中获取与blockRegex匹配的输入值

Question

我有一个来自自动化书籍的简单乘法测验，我想对此进行扩展。我的目标是收集不正确的答案，并在游戏结束时显示出来。但是，代码检查正确答案的方式是使用blockRegexes参数阻止除正确答案之外的所有内容。我尝试过检查验证异常，但没有成功。

这是我的代码：

import pyinputplus as p
import random, time
numberOfQuestions = 10
correctAnswers = 0
incorrectAnswers = []
#def blockRegRaiseExcep(text):
# because in a regular inputStr it won't raise an exception if I match the blocked regex.
for questionNumber in range(numberOfQuestions):
# Pick two random numbers:
num1 = random.randint(0,9)
num2 = random.randint(0,9)
prompt = f'#{questionNumber}: {num1} x {num2} = '
try:
# Right answers are handled by allowRegexes.
# Wrong answers are handled by blockRegexes, with a custom message.
inp = p.inputStr(prompt,allowRegexes=[f'^{num1 * num2}$'], # allow only the right number! great.
blockRegexes=[('.*','Incorrect!')], # we are blocking everything, basically, love it!
timeout=8, limit=3)
except p.TimeoutException:
print(f'Out of time!nCorrect answer is {num1 * num2}')

except p.RetryLimitException:
print(f'Out of tries!nCorrect answer is {num1 * num2}')
else:
# This block runs if no exceptions were raised by the try block.
print('Correct!')
correctAnswers += 1
time.sleep(1) # Brief pause to let the user read the result.
print(f'Score: {correctAnswers} / {numberOfQuestions}')

Answer 1

实际上有不同的方法可以实现您想要的。

1. 有一个可选参数applyFunc，它对所有input*()函数都是通用的，请参阅文档或调用help(pyip.parameters):

   applyFunc(可调用，无(：一个可选函数，传递给用户的输入，并返回新值作为输入。

   您可以使用此函数保存输入并将其原封不动地传递给验证。如果您只想在输入不正确的情况下存储输入，则需要在此函数中再次检查条件。

   示例：

   import pyinputplus as p
   import re
   # hardcoded values for example
   incorrectAnswers = []
   questionNumber = 1
   num1 = 2
   num2 = 3
   prompt = f'#{questionNumber}: {num1} x {num2} = '
   def checkAndSaveInput(n):
   if not (re.match(f'^{num1 * num2}$',n)):
   incorrectAnswers.append(n)
   return(n)
   inp = p.inputStr(prompt,
   allowRegexes=[f'^{num1 * num2}$'],
   blockRegexes=[('.*','Incorrect!')],
   applyFunc=checkAndSaveInput)
   print("Your wrong answers were:")
   for a in incorrectAnswers:
   print(f'  {a}')
   

   执行：

   #1: 2 x 3 = six
   Incorrect!
   #1: 2 x 3 = 4
   Incorrect!
   #1: 2 x 3 = 5
   Incorrect!
   #1: 2 x 3 = 6
   Your wrong answers were:
   six
   4
   5
   

2. 由于使用上述方法，无论如何都需要再次检查条件，因此也可以直接编写自定义inputCustom()函数。以下示例仅使用allowRegexes和blockRegexes中的正则表达式来验证是否输入了int，并且实际结果检查不是用正则表达式而是用简单的数学方法完成的。与上述方法的不同之处在于，这些值实际上只在确保它们与allowRegexes中的模式匹配之后才传递给检查函数。

   import pyinputplus as p
   # hardcoded values for example
   incorrectAnswers = []
   questionNumber = 1
   num1 = 2
   num2 = 3
   prompt = f'#{questionNumber}: {num1} x {num2} = '
   def checkAndSaveInput(n):
   if((num1 * num2) != int(n)):
   incorrectAnswers.append(n)
   raise Exception('Incorrect.')
   else:
   print('Correct!')
   inp = p.inputCustom(checkAndSaveInput,
   prompt=prompt,
   allowRegexes=[r'^d+$'],
   blockRegexes=[('.*','Please enter a valid number!')])
   print("Your wrong answers were:")
   for a in incorrectAnswers:
   print(f'  {a}')
   

   执行：

   #1: 2 x 3 = six
   Please enter a valid number!
   #1: 2 x 3 = 4
   Incorrect.
   #1: 2 x 3 = 5
   Incorrect.
   #1: 2 x 3 = 6
   Correct!
   Your wrong answers were:
   4
   5