Perl如何从一个散列中获取值，从另一个散列获取密钥

Question

我有两个散列，第一个%散列包含uniq键和值。

另一个%通道仅包含已作为%hash 值存在的存储

我想显示所有类别id(例如类别：：1375567等(，它们指的是Store。(例如Store:：CAR(

下面是我所需要的预期结果，它将比我的解释更有效。

my %hash = (
'Category::1375567' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert',
'Category::1299556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture',
'Category::1314571' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions',
'Category::1375568' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences',
'Category::1314570' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info',
'Category::1314572' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse',
'Category::1314569' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions',
'Category::1294556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire',
'Category::1326557' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport'
);
my %channel = (
'Store::TV' => 'Store::TV',
'Store::CAR' => 'Store::CAR',
'Store::CHANNEL' => 'Store::CHANNEL'
);

预期结果

Store::CAR
Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert
Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences
Store::CHANNEL
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport
Store::TV
Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions
Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info
Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions
Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse

实际结果

Store::CAR
Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert
Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport
Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions
Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info
Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions
Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse
Store::CHANNEL
Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert
Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport
Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions
Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info
Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions
Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse

以下是我迄今为止所做的

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
use feature 'say';
my %hash = (
'Category::1375567' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert',
'Category::1299556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture',
'Category::1314571' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions',
'Category::1375568' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences',
'Category::1314570' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info',
'Category::1314572' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse',
'Category::1314569' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions',
'Category::1294556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire',
'Category::1326557' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport'
);

my %channel = (
'Store::TV' => 'Store::TV',
'Store::CAR' => 'Store::CAR',
'Store::CHANNEL' => 'Store::CHANNEL'
);
if (%channel) {
foreach (sort keys %channel) {
say "t", $_;
my @tab = grep{/'$_'/} sort values %hash;
if (@tab) {
foreach my $line (@tab) {
say $line;
}
say "";
}
}
}
#say Dumper(%hash, %channel);
__END__

Answer 1

您可以删除一些冗余以使哈希更小。

此外，添加utf8，因为脚本包含字符é；要正确打印，请添加open。

转换第一个散列，以便通过公共值对值进行键控。由于每个转换后的键有多个值，请使用数组哈希。

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use feature qw{ say };
use utf8;
use open OUT => ':encoding(UTF-8)', ':std';
my %hash = (
'1375567' => 'Store::CAR|CAR Concert',
'1299556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Culture',
'1314571' => 'Store::TV|Emissions',
'1375568' => 'Store::CAR|Sciences',
'1314570' => 'Store::TV|Info',
'1314572' => 'Store::TV|Jeunesse',
'1314569' => 'Store::TV|Séries & Fictions',
'1294556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Documentaire',
'1326557' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Sport'
);
my %channel;
@channel{qw{ Store::TV Store::CAR Store::CHANNEL }} = ();
my %transformed;
for my $category (keys %hash) {
my ($val1, $val2) = split /|/, $hash{$category};
push @{ $transformed{$val1} }, [$category, $val2];
}
for my $ch (sort keys %channel) {
say ' ' x 4, $ch;
local $" = '|';
say "Category::@$_" for sort { $a->[0] <=> $b->[0] } @{ $transformed{$ch} };
say "";
}

Answer 2

下面的演示代码使用$stores创建新的哈希引用，其中键是store id，值是从%hash复制的。

使用来自散列%channel的密钥从具有$stores的散列引用输出数据

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
use utf8;
my $stores;
my %hash = (
'Category::1375567' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert',
'Category::1299556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture',
'Category::1314571' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions',
'Category::1375568' => 'Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences',
'Category::1314570' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info',
'Category::1314572' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse',
'Category::1314569' => 'Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions',
'Category::1294556' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire',
'Category::1326557' => 'Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport'
);
my %channel = (
'Store::TV' => 'Store::TV',
'Store::CAR' => 'Store::CAR',
'Store::CHANNEL' => 'Store::CHANNEL'
);
for ( values %hash ) {
my($id,$cat,$desc) = split /|/;
push @{$stores->{$id}}, $_;
}
for my $id ( sort keys %channel ) {
say ' ' x 4 . $id;
say $_ for @{$stores->{$id}};
say '';
}
exit 0;

输出

Store::CAR
Store::CAR|Category::1375567|CAR Concert
Store::CAR|Category::1375568|Sciences
Store::CHANNEL
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1294556|Documentaire
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1299556|Culture
Store::CHANNEL|Category::1326557|Sport
Store::TV
Store::TV|Category::1314569|Séries & Fictions
Store::TV|Category::1314570|Info
Store::TV|Category::1314571|Emissions
Store::TV|Category::1314572|Jeunesse