Django Graphene编写带有多层嵌套外键的突变



如何编写嵌套外键的模式和查询?我查看了文档,没有发现如何做到这一点的例子。因此,这是我基于github和stackoverflow的尝试答案,假设我有这些模型:

class Address(models.Model):
name = models.CharField()
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField()
address = models.ForeignKey('Address', on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False)
class Blog(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey('Person', on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False)
text = models.TextField()

我试着写一个这样的模式:

class AddressInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
name = graphene.String(required=True)

class PersonInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
name = graphene.String(required=True)
address =graphene.Field(AddressInput)
class CreateNewBlog(graphene.Mutation):
blog=graphene.Field(BlogType)
class Arguments:
address_data = AddressInput()
person_data = PersonInput()
text = graphene.String()
@staticmethod
def mutate(root, info, person_data=None, address_data=None, **input):
address = Address.objects.create(name=address_data.name)
person = Person.objects.create(address=address, name=person_data.name)
blog = Blog.objects.create(person =person, text=input['text'])
blog.save()
return CreateNewBlog(blog=blog)

我使用了这样一个查询:

mutation {
CreateNewBlog(person: { address: {name: "aaa"}, 
name: "First Last" }, text: "hi hi") {
Blog {
person{
name
address{
name
}
},
text

}
}
}

我收到这个错误消息:

{
"errors": [
{
"message": "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'name'",
"locations": [
{
"line": 32,
"column": 9
}
],
"path": [
"CreateNewBlog"
]
}
],
"data": {
"CreateNewBlog": null
}
}

我认为问题出在我编写schema.py文件的方式上。如果在另一个InputField中嵌套InputFields不起作用。有没有其他方法可以写出单个突变?

好吧,这里有几件事。首先,您应该生成schema.graphql文件,因为这将显示Graphene构建的模式的实际最终形状,这将使您的调试更容易。或者,您可以使用GraphiQL来测试您的查询,并让它的文档和自动完成为您完成繁重的工作。

但具体来说,你的石墨烯突变定义将产生一个看起来像这样的突变:

input AddressInput {
name: String!
}
input PersonInput {
name: String!
address: AddressInput
}
type CreateNewBlogOutput {
blog: Blog
}
type Mutation {
CreateNewBlog(addressData: AddressInput, personData: PersonInput, text: String): CreateNewBlogOutput!
}

值得注意的是,有两种方法可以在此处提供AddressInput,一种在根目录下,另一种在PersonInput内部。这可能不是你想要做的。其次,不需要任何根参数,这会导致你的错误消息变得毫无帮助,因为问题是你调用了不正确的突变参数,但查询验证器允许它通过,因为你的类型非常宽松。

我相信如果你像下面这样运行突变,它实际上会起作用:

mutation {
CreateNewBlog(
personData: {
address: {
name: "aaa"
}, 
name: "First Last"
},
text: "hi hi"
) {
blog {
person {
name
address {
name
}
}
text
}
}
}

我在这里只做了两个更改,person更改为personData(为了匹配您的突变定义,石墨烯自动进行从蛇格到骆驼格的对话(,字段选择中的Blog更改为blog

但让我们更进一步,以下是我如何产生突变的。

class AddressInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
name = graphene.String(required=True)

class PersonInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
name = graphene.String(required=True)
address = AddressInput(required=True)

class CreateNewBlogInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
person = PersonInput(required=True)
text = graphene.String(required=True)

class CreateNewBlogPayload(graphene.ObjectType):
blog = graphene.Field(BlogType, required=True)

class CreateNewBlog(graphene.Mutation):
class Arguments:
input_data = CreateNewBlogInput(required=True, name="input")
Output = CreateNewBlogPayload

@staticmethod
def mutate(root, info, input_data):
address = Address.objects.create(name=input_data.person.address.name)
person = Person.objects.create(address=address, name=input_data.person.name)
blog = Blog.objects.create(person=person, text=input_data.text)
blog.save()
return CreateNewBlogPayload(blog=blog)

在构建Graphene的突变对象时,我也会将CreateNewBlog更改为createNewBlog,因为GraphQL约定是对突变使用较低的camel大小写。

然后你会这样运行:

mutation {
createNewBlog(
input: {
person: {
address: {
name: "aaa"
}, 
name: "First Last"
}
text: "hi hi"
}
) {
blog {
person {
name
address {
name
}
}
text
}
}
}

为什么要将整个输入封装在单个输入字段中?主要是因为在使用变量时,它使客户端更容易调用突变,所以您可以只提供正确形状的单个输入arg,而不是多个。

// So instead of this
mutation OldCreateNewBlog($person: PersonInput, $text: String) {
createNewBlog(
personData: $person
text: $text
) {
blog {
person {
name
address {
name
}
}
text
}
}
}
// You have this
mutation NewCreateNewBlog($input: CreateNewBlogInput!) {
createNewBlog(
input: $input
) {
blog {
person {
name
address {
name
}
}
text
}
}
}

后者使随着时间的推移更改输入形状变得更容易,并且只需在客户端代码中的一个位置进行更改。

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