devcontainer.json postCreateCommand 警告"Running pip as the 'root' user"

Question

问题：

我应该如何重构我的postCreateCommand，以使项目依赖项不作为根安装？

问题(研究和解决方案尝试如下(：

我在devcontainer.json中的postCreateCommand中运行pip install -r requirements.txt。然而，pip仍然抱怨以root身份运行：

"postCreateCommand": "pip3 install -r requirements.txt",

以下是我的postCreateCommand:的输出

Running the postCreateCommand from devcontainer.json...
[7619 ms] Start: Run in container: /bin/sh -c pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113
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Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
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Collecting llvmlite==0.38.1
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Collecting Pillow==9.1.1
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Collecting prometheus-client==0.14.1
Downloading prometheus_client-0.14.1-py3-none-any.whl (59 kB)
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Collecting prompt-toolkit==3.0.29
Downloading prompt_toolkit-3.0.29-py3-none-any.whl (381 kB)
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Collecting protobuf==3.20.1
Downloading protobuf-3.20.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl (1.0 MB)
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Collecting psutil==5.9.1
Downloading psutil-5.9.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (284 kB)
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Collecting ptyprocess==0.7.0
Downloading ptyprocess-0.7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (13 kB)
Collecting pure-eval==0.2.2
Downloading pure_eval-0.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (11 kB)
Collecting pyasn1==0.4.8
Downloading pyasn1-0.4.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (77 kB)
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Collecting pyasn1-modules==0.2.8
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Collecting pycparser==2.21
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Collecting Pygments==2.12.0
Downloading Pygments-2.12.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
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Collecting pynndescent==0.5.7
Downloading pynndescent-0.5.7.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
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Collecting pyparsing==3.0.9
Downloading pyparsing-3.0.9-py3-none-any.whl (98 kB)
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Collecting pyrsistent==0.18.1
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Collecting python-dateutil==2.8.2
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Collecting pytz==2022.1
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Collecting pyzmq==23.0.0
Downloading pyzmq-23.0.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (1.1 MB)
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Collecting requests==2.27.1
Downloading requests-2.27.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (63 kB)
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Collecting requests-oauthlib==1.3.1
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Collecting rsa==4.8
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Collecting scanpy==1.9.1
Downloading scanpy-1.9.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.0 MB)
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Collecting scikit-learn==1.1.1
Downloading scikit_learn-1.1.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (31.2 MB)
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Collecting scikit-misc==0.1.4
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Collecting scipy==1.8.1
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Collecting seaborn==0.11.2
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Collecting Send2Trash==1.8.0
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Collecting session-info==1.0.0
Downloading session_info-1.0.0.tar.gz (24 kB)
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Collecting six==1.16.0
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Collecting soupsieve==2.3.2.post1
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Collecting stack-data==0.2.0
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Collecting statannotations==0.4.4
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Collecting statsmodels==0.13.2
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Collecting stdlib-list==0.8.0
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Collecting tensorboard==2.9.0
Downloading tensorboard-2.9.0-py3-none-any.whl (5.8 MB)
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Collecting tensorboard-data-server==0.6.1
Downloading tensorboard_data_server-0.6.1-py3-none-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (4.9 MB)
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Collecting tensorboard-plugin-wit==1.8.1
Downloading tensorboard_plugin_wit-1.8.1-py3-none-any.whl (781 kB)
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Collecting terminado==0.15.0
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Collecting texttable==1.6.4
Downloading texttable-1.6.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Collecting threadpoolctl==3.1.0
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Collecting tinycss2==1.1.1
Downloading tinycss2-1.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
Collecting torch-tb-profiler==0.4.0
Downloading torch_tb_profiler-0.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
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Collecting tornado==6.1
Downloading tornado-6.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (427 kB)
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Collecting tqdm==4.64.0
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Collecting traitlets==5.2.1.post0
Downloading traitlets-5.2.1.post0-py3-none-any.whl (106 kB)
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Collecting typing_extensions==4.2.0
Downloading typing_extensions-4.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (24 kB)
Collecting umap-learn==0.5.3
Downloading umap-learn-0.5.3.tar.gz (88 kB)
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Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Collecting urllib3==1.26.9
Downloading urllib3-1.26.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (138 kB)
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Collecting wcwidth==0.2.5
Downloading wcwidth-0.2.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (30 kB)
Collecting webencodings==0.5.1
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Collecting Werkzeug==2.1.2
Downloading Werkzeug-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (224 kB)
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Collecting widgetsnbextension==3.6.0
Downloading widgetsnbextension-3.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.6 MB)
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Collecting zipp==3.8.0
Downloading zipp-3.8.0-py3-none-any.whl (5.4 kB)
Collecting torch==1.11.0+cu113
Downloading https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113/torch-1.11.0%2Bcu113-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl (1637.0 MB)
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Collecting torchvision==0.12.0+cu113
Downloading https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113/torchvision-0.12.0%2Bcu113-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl (22.3 MB)
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Collecting torchaudio==0.11.0+cu113
Downloading https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113/torchaudio-0.11.0%2Bcu113-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl (2.9 MB)
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Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in /usr/local/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from ipython==8.4.0->-r requirements.txt (line 33)) (56.0.0)
Collecting wheel>=0.26
Downloading wheel-0.37.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for fa2, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for GEOparse, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for pynndescent, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for session-info, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for umap-learn, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: webencodings, wcwidth, texttable, tensorboard-plugin-wit, stdlib-list, Send2Trash, pytz, pyasn1, pure-eval, ptyprocess, pickleshare, mistune, ipython-genutils, fastjsonschema, executing, backcall, zipp, wheel, Werkzeug, urllib3, typing_extensions, traitlets, tqdm, tornado, tinycss2, threadpoolctl, tensorboard-data-server, soupsieve, six, session-info, rsa, pyzmq, pyrsistent, pyparsing, Pygments, pycparser, pyasn1-modules, psutil, protobuf, prompt-toolkit, prometheus-client, Pillow, pexpect, parso, pandocfilters, oauthlib, numpy, networkx, nest-asyncio, natsort, MarkupSafe, llvmlite, kiwisolver, jupyterlab-widgets, jupyterlab-pygments, joblib, igraph, idna, fonttools, entrypoints, defusedxml, decorator, debugpy, cycler, charset-normalizer, certifi, cachetools, attrs, torch, terminado, scipy, scikit-misc, requests, python-dateutil, patsy, packaging, numba, matplotlib-inline, leidenalg, jupyter-core, Jinja2, jedi, importlib-resources, importlib-metadata, h5py, grpcio, google-auth, cffi, bleach, beautifulsoup4, asttokens, absl-py, torchvision, torchaudio, stack-data, scikit-learn, requests-oauthlib, pandas, matplotlib, Markdown, jupyter-client, jsonschema, fa2, argon2-cffi-bindings, statsmodels, seaborn, pynndescent, nbformat, ipython, google-auth-oauthlib, GEOparse, argon2-cffi, anndata, umap-learn, tensorboard, statannotations, nbclient, ipykernel, torch-tb-profiler, scanpy, nbconvert, jupyter-console, notebook, widgetsnbextension, ipywidgets
Running setup.py install for session-info ... done
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Running setup.py install for GEOparse ... done
Running setup.py install for umap-learn ... done
Successfully installed GEOparse-2.0.3 Jinja2-3.1.2 Markdown-3.3.7 MarkupSafe-2.1.1 Pillow-9.1.1 Pygments-2.12.0 Send2Trash-1.8.0 Werkzeug-2.1.2 absl-py-1.0.0 anndata-0.8.0 argon2-cffi-21.3.0 argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0 asttokens-2.0.5 attrs-21.4.0 backcall-0.2.0 beautifulsoup4-4.11.1 bleach-5.0.0 cachetools-5.2.0 certifi-2022.5.18.1 cffi-1.15.0 charset-normalizer-2.0.12 cycler-0.11.0 debugpy-1.6.0 decorator-5.1.1 defusedxml-0.7.1 entrypoints-0.4 executing-0.8.3 fa2-0.3.5 fastjsonschema-2.15.3 fonttools-4.33.3 google-auth-2.6.6 google-auth-oauthlib-0.4.6 grpcio-1.46.3 h5py-3.7.0 idna-3.3 igraph-0.9.10 importlib-metadata-4.11.4 importlib-resources-5.7.1 ipykernel-6.13.0 ipython-8.4.0 ipython-genutils-0.2.0 ipywidgets-7.7.0 jedi-0.18.1 joblib-1.1.0 jsonschema-4.5.1 jupyter-client-7.3.1 jupyter-console-6.4.3 jupyter-core-4.10.0 jupyterlab-pygments-0.2.2 jupyterlab-widgets-1.1.0 kiwisolver-1.4.2 leidenalg-0.8.10 llvmlite-0.38.1 matplotlib-3.5.2 matplotlib-inline-0.1.3 mistune-0.8.4 natsort-8.1.0 nbclient-0.6.3 nbconvert-6.5.0 nbformat-5.4.0 nest-asyncio-1.5.5 networkx-2.8.2 notebook-6.4.11 numba-0.55.1 numpy-1.21.6 oauthlib-3.2.0 packaging-21.3 pandas-1.4.2 pandocfilters-1.5.0 parso-0.8.3 patsy-0.5.2 pexpect-4.8.0 pickleshare-0.7.5 prometheus-client-0.14.1 prompt-toolkit-3.0.29 protobuf-3.20.1 psutil-5.9.1 ptyprocess-0.7.0 pure-eval-0.2.2 pyasn1-0.4.8 pyasn1-modules-0.2.8 pycparser-2.21 pynndescent-0.5.7 pyparsing-3.0.9 pyrsistent-0.18.1 python-dateutil-2.8.2 pytz-2022.1 pyzmq-23.0.0 requests-2.27.1 requests-oauthlib-1.3.1 rsa-4.8 scanpy-1.9.1 scikit-learn-1.1.1 scikit-misc-0.1.4 scipy-1.8.1 seaborn-0.11.2 session-info-1.0.0 six-1.16.0 soupsieve-2.3.2.post1 stack-data-0.2.0 statannotations-0.4.4 statsmodels-0.13.2 stdlib-list-0.8.0 tensorboard-2.9.0 tensorboard-data-server-0.6.1 tensorboard-plugin-wit-1.8.1 terminado-0.15.0 texttable-1.6.4 threadpoolctl-3.1.0 tinycss2-1.1.1 torch-1.11.0+cu113 torch-tb-profiler-0.4.0 torchaudio-0.11.0+cu113 torchvision-0.12.0+cu113 tornado-6.1 tqdm-4.64.0 traitlets-5.2.1.post0 typing_extensions-4.2.0 umap-learn-0.5.3 urllib3-1.26.9 wcwidth-0.2.5 webencodings-0.5.1 wheel-0.37.1 widgetsnbextension-3.6.0 zipp-3.8.0
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.2.1 -> 22.2.2
[notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip
Done. Press any key to close the terminal

研究问题并尝试更正：

1. 查阅devcontainer.json文档

   1. CCD_ 7仅在"；dev容器已经第一次被分配给用户">
   2. containerUser的调用默认切换到root
   3. (1.1-2(意味着postCreateCommand只是在我的容器的非根用户下运行

2. 我将--user选项添加到我的pip调用

   1. 完整的命令现在是"postCreateCommand": "pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt",
   2. (2.1(生成与原始调用相同的警告，表明postCreateCommand仍以root身份运行

Answer 1

事实证明，为了为安装脚本提供正确的环境，我的dockerfile通过ARG调用而不是USER指令来设置用户。

因此，在调用postCreateCommand时，containerUser被隐式地设置为root。

在postCreateCommand:之前，将containerUser显式设置为在我的dockerfile中创建的用户就足够了

"remoteUser": "vscode",
"postCreateCommand": "pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt",