重置wxPython应用程序/销毁所有内容并从初始帧开始

Question

我在这里读到了其他答案，但它们似乎都只涉及完全关闭一个应用程序，确保所有进程和框架等在这个过程中都被销毁。我想做的有点不同。

我的应用程序由三个框架(StartFrame、ParaFrame、ResultFrame(以及一个用于存储和操作数据的自定义类组成。基础是：StartFrame只是一些文本；"开始"；按钮"启动"；创建ParaFrame实例，隐藏StartFrame并显示ParaFrame实例。Paraframe有一堆小部件供用户选择一个文件以及如何分析它；分析"；按钮弹出，它(单击时(实例化自定义DataHandler类，根据用户选择设置其参数，调用DataHandler方法来分析数据，隐藏自己，并实例化+显示ResultsFrame。不出所料，ResultsFrame显示了分析结果。

我想添加一个"；"重新开始"；控件，它将销毁所有内容(所有帧、面板、DataHandler实例等(并显示一个新的StartFrame实例，或者以其他方式销毁所有，除了已经实例化但隐藏的StartFrame，再次显示该帧，但我不知所措。

下面是一个简化示例：

import wx
class StartFrame(wx.Frame):
"""App start frame"""
FRAME_MIN_SIZE = (900,600)
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=parent,
id=wx.ID_ANY, title="LOD Calculator", size=wx.Size(900,600),
style=wx.CAPTION|wx.CLOSE_BOX|wx.MINIMIZE_BOX|wx.SYSTEM_MENU|wx.RESIZE_BORDER|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL)
self.startpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.startvsizer=wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.startbtnsizer=wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.btn = wx.Button(self.startpnl, wx.ID_ANY, "Start Analysis",
size = (200,60))
self.btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self._OnStart)
self.startbtnsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startbtnsizer.Add(self.btn, 0, wx.CENTER)
self.startbtnsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startvsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startvsizer.Add(self.startbtnsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.startvsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.startvsizer)
def _OnStart(self,event):
self.frm2 = ParaFrame(None)
self.Hide()
self.frm2.Show()
class ParaFrame(wx.Frame):
"""Data load frame"""
FRAME_MIN_SIZE = (950,800)
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=parent,
id=wx.ID_ANY, title="LOD Calculator", size=wx.Size(950,800),
style=wx.CAPTION|wx.CLOSE_BOX|wx.MINIMIZE_BOX|wx.SYSTEM_MENU|wx.RESIZE_BORDER|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL)
self.mainpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.mainsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.analyzebtn = wx.Button(self.mainpnl, wx.ID_ANY, u"Analyze",
wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.vsizer.Add(self.analyzebtn, 0, wx.ALL, 10)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.Add(self.vsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.mainsizer)
self.analyzebtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self._analyze)
def _analyze(self, event):
dhandler = DataHandler(self)
dhandler.data = "a bunch"
dhandler.data2 = " of data"
dhandler.data3 = " goes here"
dhandler._analyzeData()
self.resfrm = ResultFrame(self, dhandler.data, dhandler.data2)
self.Hide()
self.resfrm.Show()
class DataHandler:
def __init__(self,parent):
self.data = ''
self.data2 = ''
self.data3 = ''
def _analyzeData(self):
anastr = self.data + self.data2 + " gets analyzed"
print(anastr)
class ResultFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, targets, dftables):
super(ResultFrame, self).__init__(parent, title="results", size=(1535,935))
self.targets = targets
self.dftables = dftables
self.InitUI()
self.Layout()
def InitUI(self):
self.mainpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.mainsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.restartbtn = wx.Button(self.mainpnl, wx.ID_ANY, u"Start Over",
wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.vsizer.Add(self.restartbtn, 0, wx.ALL, 10)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.Add(self.vsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.mainsizer)
self.restartbtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnRestart)
### this is where I try to destroy the ParaFrame instance and everything spawned by it, unsuccessfully
def OnRestart(self, event):
frm.frm2.Destroy()
frm.Show()
def main():
import wx.lib.mixins.inspection
app = wx.App()
frm = StartFrame(None)
frm.Show()
wx.lib.inspection.InspectionTool().Show(refreshTree=True)
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

如您所见，在ResultFrame中；"重新开始"；按钮绑定到一个方法，在该方法中，我试图使用frm.frm2.Destroy()销毁ParaFrame实例(以及由此派生的DataHandler和ResultFrame实例(，但得到一个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:PythonScriptsstackexchange code.py", line 102, in OnRestart
frm.frm2.Destroy()
NameError: name 'frm' is not defined

如果我将行更改为仅frm2.Destroy()，则会得到相同的错误，但声明为name 'frm2' is not defined。

我在这里做错了什么，我该如何实现我的目标？我对OOP还是个新手，对wxPython也很陌生，所以任何帮助都很感激。我只想让那个按钮销毁所有东西，并再次显示/a初始StartFrame。谢谢：(

Answer 1

只要创建每个没有父级的类，就可以在创建链中的下一帧后使用self.Destroy()，而不会破坏任何children。(将所需的任何数据作为除父项以外的参数传递(

所以你的代码看起来像这样：

import wx
class StartFrame(wx.Frame):
"""App start frame"""
FRAME_MIN_SIZE = (900,600)
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=parent,
id=wx.ID_ANY, title="Load Calculator", size=wx.Size(900,600))
self.startpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.startvsizer=wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.startbtnsizer=wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.btn = wx.Button(self.startpnl, wx.ID_ANY, "Start Analysis",
size = (200,60))
self.btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self._OnStart)
self.startbtnsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startbtnsizer.Add(self.btn, 0, wx.CENTER)
self.startbtnsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startvsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startvsizer.Add(self.startbtnsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.startvsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.startpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.startvsizer)
def _OnStart(self,event):
frm2 = ParaFrame(None)
frm2.Show()
self.Destroy()
class ParaFrame(wx.Frame):
"""Data load frame"""
FRAME_MIN_SIZE = (950,800)
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=parent,
id=wx.ID_ANY, title="Load Calculator", size=wx.Size(900,600))
self.mainpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.mainsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.analyzebtn = wx.Button(self.mainpnl, wx.ID_ANY, u"Analyze",
wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.vsizer.Add(self.analyzebtn, 0, wx.ALL, 10)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.Add(self.vsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.mainsizer)
self.analyzebtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self._analyze)
def _analyze(self, event):
dhandler = DataHandler(self)
dhandler.data = "a bunch"
dhandler.data2 = " of data"
dhandler.data3 = " goes here"
dhandler._analyzeData()
resfrm = ResultFrame(None, dhandler.data, dhandler.data2)
resfrm.Show()
self.Destroy()
class DataHandler:
def __init__(self,parent):
self.data = ''
self.data2 = ''
self.data3 = ''
def _analyzeData(self):
anastr = self.data + self.data2 + " gets analyzed"
print(anastr)
class ResultFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, targets, dftables):
super(ResultFrame, self).__init__(parent, title="Results", size=(900,600))
self.targets = targets
self.dftables = dftables
self.InitUI()
self.Layout()
def InitUI(self):
self.mainpnl = wx.Panel(self)
self.mainsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.restartbtn = wx.Button(self.mainpnl, wx.ID_ANY, u"Start Over",
wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.vsizer.Add(self.restartbtn, 0, wx.ALL, 10)
self.vsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainsizer.Add(self.vsizer, wx.SizerFlags().Expand().Border(wx.ALL, 25))
self.mainsizer.AddStretchSpacer()
self.mainpnl.SetSizerAndFit(self.mainsizer)
self.restartbtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnRestart)
### this is where I try to destroy the ParaFrame instance and everything spawned by it, unsuccessfully
def OnRestart(self, event):
frm = StartFrame(None)
frm.Show()
self.Destroy()
def main():
app = wx.App()
frm = StartFrame(None)
frm.Show()
app.MainLoop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()