如果我上传的文件与条件不匹配，Catch 块不会捕获错误

$Source='c:uploadtool*'  #Source Location 
$RetailDest= "D:ToolUploadRetail-EIP" #1st Destination Location 
$GroupDest= "D:ToolUploadGroup-EIP"   #2nd Destination location
$RetailBack="D:ToolUploadRetail-EIP*"  #Backup location which copy the existing file if the file match to Retail-EIP.
$GroupBack="D:ToolUploadGroup-EIP*"    # 2nd Backup location which copy the existing file if the file match to Group-EIP.
$Backupdata="D:Backup"   #Backup Location
$filename = Get-ChildItem -Path $Source -File -Force -Recurse
#$logname=New-Item "D:logsuploadlog_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd').txt" -ItemType file -Force
$lognamefolder="D:logs"

$logname="D:logsuploadlog_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd').txt"

$checkLocalFolderExist = Test-Path -Path $lognamefolder

$checkLocalFileExist = Test-Path -Path $logname  -PathType Leaf
if(-NOT $checkLocalFolderExist)
{
New-Item -Path $lognamefolder -ItemType Directory
}

if(-NOT $checkLocalFileExist)
{
New-Item -Path $logname -ItemType File
}

echo "              " (Get-Date) | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru

echo "Copying file start" |  Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru

echo "Source is:$filename" | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru

echo  "File size = "($filename).Length  | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru

echo "               " | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru

$ArchiveData = New-Item -Path "$Backupdatabackup_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMddHHMM')" -Force -ItemType Directory
foreach($file in $filename)
{
try
{
if($file -match "Retail-EIP")
{

$fname=$file.fullname
Move-Item -Path $RetailBack -Destination $ArchiveData
echo "File has been backed up :$ArchiveData" | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru 
Move-Item -Path $fname -Destination $RetailDest
echo "File has been upload to Retail Platform: $RetailDest" |Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru |Format-Table

}

if($file -match "Group-EIP")
{

$fname=$file.fullname
Move-Item -Path $GroupBack -Destination $ArchiveData
echo "File has been backed up :$ArchiveData" | Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru 
Move-Item -Path $fname -Destination $GroupDest 
echo "File has been upload to Group Platform: $GroupDest" |Add-Content -Path $logname -PassThru | Format-Table
}
}
catch  # Catch statement doesn't produce the error and capture in the log file.
{
Write-output "Exception Message: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ErrorAction Stop | Add-Content $logname -passthru
}
}

我正在尝试从源位置复制文件，并将现有文件备份到备份位置，所有的设置和脚本都按预期工作，但我只想改变一些事情，比如
首先，如果我上传了与条件不匹配的错误内容，脚本不会捕获catch语句。第二，我想以表格格式捕获日志，我该怎么做？

如前所述，为了能够使用try{}..catch{}，您需要在实际上可以抛出异常的cmdlet(如两个Move-Item cmdlet(上添加ErrorAction Stop，以便也捕获非终止异常。

然后，您希望获得一个表样式的输出，而不是文本日志文件
在这种情况下，您需要输出具有特定属性的对象，以便将日志文件保存为结构化CSV文件(实际上是一个表(，以便在Excel中打开。

现在，如果我有这个正确的代码需要：

从源文件夹(包括子文件夹(中获取所有文件，其中文件名包含"零售EIP"或"集团EIP">
对于这些文件中的每一个，都有一个在$GroupDest和$RetailDest中定义的备份目标文件夹
我在这些备份文件夹中的任何一个中，具有该名称的文件已经存在，需要将其移动到$ArchiveData中定义的存档文件夹中
然后应该将文件从其源文件夹移动到目标文件夹
您希望移动被封装在try{}..catch{}结构中，这样任何异常都可以被捕获
日志应该作为结构化对象进行维护，这样您就可以在屏幕上和文件中都以表的形式输出

在这种情况下，我会更改(相当多(您的代码：

$Source      = 'C:uploadtool'               # Source Location
$RetailDest  = 'D:ToolUploadRetail-EIP'    # 1st Destination Location
$GroupDest   = 'D:ToolUploadGroup-EIP'     # 2nd Destination location
$ArchiveData = 'D:Backupbackup_{0:yyyyMMddHHmm}' -f (Get-Date)
$LogFolder   = 'D:logs'
# because of your wish to get a Table-style log, use CSV format you can open in Excel
$LogFile     = 'D:logsuploadlog_{0:yyyyMMdd}.csv'-f (Get-Date)
# make sure the output LogFolder exist
# by adding the -Force switch there is no need to use Test-Path first, because if
# the folder already exists, the cmdlet will return the DirectoryInfo of that,
# otherwise it will create a new folder. Since we dont want output, we use $null = ..
$null = New-Item -Path $LogFolder -ItemType Directory -Force
# loop through the files in the source folder and collect the outputted objects
$result = Get-ChildItem -Path $Source -Include '*Group-EIP*', '*Retail-EIP*' -File -Force -Recurse | 
ForEach-Object {
Write-Host "Processing file '$($_.FullName)'"
# create an object with (for now) 3 empty properties
$out = $_ | Select-Object @{Name = 'Date'; Expression = {(Get-Date)}},
@{Name = 'Source'; Expression = {$_.FullName}},
@{Name = 'FileSize'; Expression = {$_.Length}},
Destination,                                     # depends on the file name
@{Name = 'Archive'; Expression = {'N/A'}},       # initialize to Not Applicable
Result
# depending on its name, get the correct destination folder
$destFolder = if($_.Name -match "Retail-EIP") { $RetailDest } else { $GroupDest }
# create the backup destination folder if it didn't already exist
# the first file in column 'Source' is now responsible for creating the backup folder
$null = New-Item -Path $destFolder -ItemType Directory -Force
# get the full path and filename for the destination
$existingFile = Join-Path -Path $destFolder -ChildPath $_.Name -PathType Leaf
# add the destination folder to the output object
$out.Destination = $destFolder
try {
# if a file with that name already exists in the destination, move it to the Archive folder
if (Test-Path -Path $existingFile -PathType Leaf) {
# create the Archive folder if it didn't already exist
$null = New-Item -Path $ArchiveData -ItemType Directory -Force
Move-Item -Path $existingFile -Destination $ArchiveData -ErrorAction Stop -WhatIf
# add the archived file to the output object
$out.Archive = $existingFile
Write-Host "File '$existingFile' has been backed-up to '$ArchiveData'"
}
# next move the file from the source folder to its destination (either $RetailDest or $GroupDest)
$_ | Move-Item -Destination $destFolder -ErrorAction Stop -WhatIf
$out.Result = 'OK'
Write-Host "File '$($_.FullName)' has been moved to '$destFolder'"
}
catch {
# ouch.. something went horribly wrong on a Move-Item action
Write-Warning "An error occurred: $_.Exception.Message"
$out.Result = "Error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
}
# output the object so it gets collected in variable $result
$out
}
# now you can save the results as structured CSV file to open in Excel
$result | Export-Csv -Path $LogFile -UseCulture -NoTypeInformation -Append
# and display on screen using Out-GridView as the data will probably be too wide for Format-Table
$result | Out-GridView -Title 'Backup results'

请注意，我已将-WhatIf开关添加到"移动项目"cmdlet中。这是一项安全措施，使用该开关，您将只在控制台中看到一行，告诉您将执行的操作。没有什么东西真的会动
一旦您对所有控制台消息感到满意，即一切都按预期进行，就可以删除这些-WhatIf开关。

请阅读代码注释，(希望(解释的每一步

这花了太长时间。。。

导出中的内容是在返回的对象中收集的内容：

描述

列
日期	处理文件的当前日期
源	源文件夹中正在处理的文件的完整路径和文件名
文件大小	正在处理的文件的大小(以字节为单位(
目标	源文件移动到的目的文件夹的完整路径，从`$RetailDest`或`$GroupDest`
存档	"N/A"或已在目标文件夹中且必须首先移动到存档文件夹的文件的完整路径和文件名
结果	如果`Move-Item`出现问题，则显示"OK"或异常消息

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