我正在参加2021年的Code in Place，在我的最后一个项目中，我使用Python和Tkinter开发了一个Madlibs生成器，代码是功能性的，按照我想要的方式工作，但显然它很长，很复杂。我希望你们中的一些人能提供一些建议，让我的代码更简洁，去掉任何不必要的行！
我粘贴了下面的所有代码：
from tkinter import *
# initialize window
root = Tk()
canvas1 = Canvas(root, width=500, height=750)
canvas1.pack()
root.title('Mad Libs Generator')
# creates input fields for user to enter words
label1 = Label(root, text= 'Final Project Mad Libs Generator n Enter your words below!' , font = ('helvetica', 20))
canvas1.create_window(250, 40, window=label1)
label2 = Label(root, text='Adverb:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 100, window=label2)
entry1 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 100, window=entry1)
label2 = Label(root, text='Noun:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 130, window=label2)
entry2 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 130, window=entry2)
label2 = Label(root, text='Liquid:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 160, window=label2)
entry3 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 160, window=entry3)
label2 = Label(root, text='Verb:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 190, window=label2)
entry5 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 190, window=entry5)
label2 = Label(root, text='Number:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 220, window=label2)
entry6 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 220, window=entry6)
label2 = Label(root, text='Noun(Plural):', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 250, window=label2)
entry7 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 250, window=entry7)
label2 = Label(root, text='Verb:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 280, window=label2)
entry8 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 280, window=entry8)
label2 = Label(root, text='Adjective:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 310, window=label2)
entry9 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 310, window=entry9)
label2 = Label(root, text='Noun:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 340, window=label2)
entry10 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 340, window=entry10)
label2 = Label(root, text='Noun(Plural):', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 370, window=label2)
entry11 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 370, window=entry11)
label2 = Label(root, text='Illness:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 400, window=label2)
entry12 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 400, window=entry12)
label2 = Label(root, text='Occupation:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 430, window=label2)
entry14 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 430, window=entry14)
label2 = Label(root, text='Body Part(Plural):', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 460, window=label2)
entry15 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 460, window=entry15)
label2 = Label(root, text='Body Part:', font = ('helvetica', 15))
canvas1.create_window(150, 490, window=label2)
entry16 = Entry(root)
canvas1.create_window(300, 490, window=entry16)
# function that retrieves words and transfers them into the story
def generateMadLib():
adverb=entry1.get()
noun=entry2.get()
liquid=entry3.get()
verb=entry5.get()
number=entry6.get()
nounp=entry7.get()
verb2=entry8.get()
adjective=entry9.get()
noun2=entry10.get()
nounp2=entry11.get()
illness=entry12.get()
occupation=entry14.get()
bodypartp=entry15.get()
bodypart=entry16.get()
label3 = Label(root, text= 'Here is your Mad Lib!', font = 'helvetica')
canvas1.create_window(250, 580, window=label3)
label4 = Label(root, text = ('In order to wash your face ' +adverb+ ' , you must wet your ' +noun+ ' in warm ' +liquid+'. n Then, '+verb+' it across your face '+number+' times. This will wash off any remaining '+nounp+'. n When you are done you should '+verb2+' the cloth in '+adjective+' water to clean it. nYou should also wash your face with a '+noun2+' to keep it smooth and shiny. n This will keep also keep away '+nounp2+'. Don`t worry. n It is normal to experience '+illness+' the first time you try this. n Consult your '+occupation+' if you break out in '+bodypartp+'. This works well on your '+bodypart+' too!'), font=('helvetica', 9))
canvas1.create_window(250, 650, window=label4)
# button that calls the function to generate the completed story
button1 = Button(text='Generate Lib!', command=generateMadLib, bg='red', fg='white', font=('helvetica', 9, 'bold'))
canvas1.create_window(250, 525, window=button1)
root.mainloop()
如果使用for循环和列表，您可以将代码减少一半。
这里有一个例子，您可以根据需要修改以下代码：
from tkinter import *
# initialize window
root = Tk()
root.title('Mad Libs Generator')
# creates input fields for user to enter words
label1 = Label(root, text='Final Project Mad Libs Generator n Enter your words below!', font=('helvetica', 20))
label1.pack()
frame = Frame(root)
frame.pack()
lst = ['Adverb', 'Noun', 'Liquid', 'Verb', 'Number', 'Noun(Plural)',
'Verb', 'Adjective', 'Noun', 'Verb', 'Adjective', 'Noun(Plural)', 'Illness',
'Occupation', 'Body part(plural)', 'Body part']
entries = []
for row, x in enumerate(lst):
Label(frame, text=f'{x}:').grid(row=row, column=0)
ent = Entry(frame)
ent.grid(row=row, column=1)
entries.append(ent)
# function that retrieves words and transfers them into the story
def generateMadLib():
story = 'In order to wash your face {0}, you must wet your {1} in warm {2}.n Then, {3}'
'it across your face {4} times. This will wash off any remaining {5}.n When you'
'are done you should {6} the cloth in {7} water to clean it. nYou should also wash'
'your face with a {8} to keep it smooth and shiny.n This will keep also keep away'
'{9}. Don`t worry. n It is normal to experience {10} the first time you try this.n'
'Consult your {11} if you break out in {12}. '
'This works well on your {13} too! '.format(*(x.get() for x in entries))
label3 = Label(root, text='Here is your Mad Lib!', font='helvetica')
label3.pack()
label4 = Label(root, text=story)
label4.pack()
# button that calls the function to generate the completed story
button1 = Button(root, text='Generate Lib!', command=generateMadLib, bg='red', fg='white',
font=('helvetica', 9, 'bold'))
button1.pack()
root.mainloop()