Pygame动画列表索引连续超出范围

Question

我按照一个清晰的代码教程制作了一款平台游戏，并最终完成了它，然而有一件事总是不断地搞砸。这就是动画，有时候游戏不会运行，只会在调试模式下运行，因为动画列表没有索引，这对我来说毫无意义，因为列表中的每个项目都被计算在内。下面是我的player.py，它具有视频中提到的所有功能。如果需要更多的信息，我很乐意提供。(动画部分特别在self出错。Image = self.animations['idle'][self.frame_index])

import pygame 
from support import import_folder
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,pos,surface,create_jump_particles):
super().__init__()
self.import_character_assets()
self.frame_index = 0
self.animation_speed = 0.15
self.image = self.animations['idle'][self.frame_index]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft = pos)

# dust particles 
self.import_dust_run_particles()
self.dust_frame_index = 0
self.dust_animation_speed = 0.15
self.display_surface = surface
self.create_jump_particles = create_jump_particles
# player movement
self.direction = pygame.math.Vector2(0,0)
self.speed = 8
self.gravity = 0.8
self.jump_speed = -16
# player status
self.status = 'idle'
self.facing_right = True
self.on_ground = False
self.on_ceiling = False
self.on_left = False
self.on_right = False
def import_character_assets(self):
character_path = '../graphics/character/'
self.animations = {'idle':[],'run':[],'jump':[],'fall':[]}
for animation in self.animations.keys():
full_path = character_path + animation
self.animations[animation] = import_folder(full_path)
def import_dust_run_particles(self):
self.dust_run_particles = import_folder('../graphics/character/dust_particles/run')
def animate(self):
animation = self.animations[self.status]
# loop over frame index 
self.frame_index += self.animation_speed
if self.frame_index >= len(animation):
self.frame_index = 0
image = animation[int(self.frame_index)]
if self.facing_right:
self.image = image
else:
flipped_image = pygame.transform.flip(image,True,False)
self.image = flipped_image
# set the rect
if self.on_ground and self.on_right:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(bottomright = self.rect.bottomright)
elif self.on_ground and self.on_left:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(bottomleft = self.rect.bottomleft)
elif self.on_ground:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom = self.rect.midbottom)
elif self.on_ceiling and self.on_right:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topright = self.rect.topright)
elif self.on_ceiling and self.on_left:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft = self.rect.topleft)
elif self.on_ceiling:
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midtop = self.rect.midtop)
def run_dust_animation(self):
if self.status == 'run' and self.on_ground:
self.dust_frame_index += self.dust_animation_speed
if self.dust_frame_index >= len(self.dust_run_particles):
self.dust_frame_index = 0
dust_particle = self.dust_run_particles[int(self.dust_frame_index)]
if self.facing_right:
pos = self.rect.bottomleft - pygame.math.Vector2(6,10)
self.display_surface.blit(dust_particle,pos)
else:
pos = self.rect.bottomright - pygame.math.Vector2(6,10)
flipped_dust_particle = pygame.transform.flip(dust_particle,True,False)
self.display_surface.blit(flipped_dust_particle,pos)
def get_input(self):
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.direction.x = 1
self.facing_right = True
elif keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.direction.x = -1
self.facing_right = False
else:
self.direction.x = 0
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE] and self.on_ground:
self.jump()
self.create_jump_particles(self.rect.midbottom)
def get_status(self):
if self.direction.y < 0:
self.status = 'jump'
elif self.direction.y > 1:
self.status = 'fall'
else:
if self.direction.x != 0:
self.status = 'run'
else:
self.status = 'idle'
def apply_gravity(self):
self.direction.y += self.gravity
self.rect.y += self.direction.y
def jump(self):
self.direction.y = self.jump_speed
def update(self):
self.get_input()
self.get_status()
self.animate()
self.run_dust_animation()

我什么都试过了，我甚至去他的网站下载了他的原型，并试图将我自己的文件添加到其中，但它仍然返回相同的错误。应该发生的是，我的角色根据他们所处的状态做动画。

Answer 1

所以很可能代码没有为'空闲'角色动画加载任何动画帧。

初始化代码首先加载所有的资源:

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,pos,surface,create_jump_particles):
super().__init__()
self.import_character_assets()

其中self.import_character_assets()为:

def import_character_assets(self):
character_path = '../graphics/character/'
self.animations = {'idle':[],'run':[],'jump':[],'fall':[]}
for animation in self.animations.keys():
full_path = character_path + animation
self.animations[animation] = import_folder(full_path)

正在遍历'idle'， 'run'， 'jump'， 'fall'，从'../图形/人物/闲置"、". ./graphics/character/run'等，放入列表字典

我们没有import_folder()的代码，但它显然是为了加载一组图像。

导入后，self.animations字典预计self.animations['idle']中至少有一个图像。这是因为__init__()默认为'idle'，索引0:

self.frame_index = 0
self.animation_speed = 0.15
self.image = self.animations['idle'][self.frame_index]  # <<-- HERE, 0

所以我们可以得出结论，因为我们知道self.animations['idle']是越界的，即使在[0]上，也没有图像被加载。

检查是否有可用的图像。或者文件名不是预期的(例如:.jpg，而不是。png)，或者其他文件系统错误(例如:只读，零字节文件，…)． 也许加载路径是不正确的?

检查负载，然后写一个错误可能是一个好主意:

def import_character_assets(self):
character_path = '../graphics/character/'
self.animations = {'idle':[],'run':[],'jump':[],'fall':[]}
for animation in self.animations.keys():
full_path = character_path + animation
self.animations[animation] = import_folder(full_path)
# check we loaded something
if ( len( self.animations[animation] ) == 0 ):
print( "Failed to load any animations for "" + animation + "" type" )