当我尝试在服务器上反序列化结构时，我从初始传输中收到了不正确的值。我用相同类型的成员变量(2和1(创建了一个结构；然而，当发送时接收到零并且不确定原因。connection.hpp中的传入数据是否需要与我发送的数据类型相同？有什么建议吗？
客户：
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "connection.hpp" // Must come before boost/serialization headers.
#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
#include "info.hpp"
class client
{
public:
/// Constructor starts the asynchronous connect operation.
client(boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
const std::string& host, const std::string& service)
: connection_(io_service)
{
Packet p;
p.a = 2;
p.b = 1;
packet_.push_back(p);
// Resolve the host name into an IP address.
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver(io_service);
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::query query(host, service);
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator =
resolver.resolve(query);
// Start an asynchronous connect operation.
boost::asio::async_connect(connection_.socket(), endpoint_iterator,
boost::bind(&client::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
/// Handle completion of a connect operation.
void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& e)
{
if (!e)
{
connection_.async_write(packet_,
boost::bind(&client::handle_write, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
else
{
std::cerr << e.message() << std::endl;
}
}
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& e)
{
}
private:
connection connection_;
std::vector<Packet> packet_;
};
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
try
{
// Check command line arguments.
if (argc != 3)
{
std::cerr << "Usage: client <host> <port>" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
boost::asio::io_service io_service;
s11n_example::client client(io_service, argv[1], argv[2]);
io_service.run();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
信息：
#ifndef Packet_HPP
#define Packet_HPP
namespace s11n_example {
struct Packet
{
int a;
int b;
template <typename Archive>
void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int version)
{
int a;
int b;
}
};
} // namespace s11n_example
#endif
服务器：
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "connection.hpp" // Must come before boost/serialization headers.
#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
#include "info.hpp"
namespace s11n_example {
/// Serves stock quote information to any client that connects to it.
class server
{
public:
/// Constructor opens the acceptor and starts waiting for the first incoming
/// connection.
server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, unsigned short port)
: acceptor_(io_service,
boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint(boost::asio::ip::tcp::v4(), port))
{
// Create the data to be sent to each client.
// Start an accept operation for a new connection.
connection_ptr new_conn(new connection(acceptor_.get_io_service()));
acceptor_.async_accept(new_conn->socket(),
boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, new_conn));
}
/// Handle completion of a accept operation.
void handle_accept(const boost::system::error_code& e, connection_ptr conn)
{
if (!e)
{
conn->async_read(packet_,
boost::bind(&server::handle_read, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, conn));
}
// Start an accept operation for a new connection.
connection_ptr new_conn(new connection(acceptor_.get_io_service()));
acceptor_.async_accept(new_conn->socket(),
boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, new_conn));
}
/// Handle completion of a write operation.
void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& e, connection_ptr conn)
{
// Print out the data that was received.
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < packet_.size(); ++i)
std::cout << packet_[i].a << "n";
}
private:
/// The acceptor object used to accept incoming socket connections.
boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
/// The data to be sent to each client.
std::vector<Packet> packet_;
};
} // namespace s11n_example
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
try
{
// Check command line arguments.
if (argc != 2)
{
std::cerr << "Usage: server <port>" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
unsigned short port = boost::lexical_cast<unsigned short>(argv[1]);
boost::asio::io_service io_service;
s11n_example::server server(io_service, port);
io_service.run();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
连接
#ifndef SERIALIZATION_CONNECTION_HPP
#define SERIALIZATION_CONNECTION_HPP
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
namespace s11n_example {
/// The connection class provides serialization primitives on top of a socket.
/**
* Each message sent using this class consists of:
* @li An 8-byte header containing the length of the serialized data in
* hexadecimal.
* @li The serialized data.
*/
class connection
{
public:
/// Constructor.
connection(boost::asio::io_service& io_service)
: socket_(io_service)
{
}
/// Get the underlying socket. Used for making a connection or for accepting
/// an incoming connection.
boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket& socket()
{
return socket_;
}
/// Asynchronously write a data structure to the socket.
template <typename T, typename Handler>
void async_write(const T& t, Handler handler)
{
// Serialize the data first so we know how large it is.
std::ostringstream archive_stream;
boost::archive::text_oarchive archive(archive_stream);
archive << t;
outbound_data_ = archive_stream.str();
// Format the header.
std::ostringstream header_stream;
header_stream << std::setw(header_length)
<< std::hex << outbound_data_.size();
if (!header_stream || header_stream.str().size() != header_length)
{
// Something went wrong, inform the caller.
boost::system::error_code error(boost::asio::error::invalid_argument);
socket_.get_io_service().post(boost::bind(handler, error));
return;
}
outbound_header_ = header_stream.str();
// Write the serialized data to the socket. We use "gather-write" to send
// both the header and the data in a single write operation.
std::vector<boost::asio::const_buffer> buffers;
buffers.push_back(boost::asio::buffer(outbound_header_));
buffers.push_back(boost::asio::buffer(outbound_data_));
boost::asio::async_write(socket_, buffers, handler);
}
/// Asynchronously read a data structure from the socket.
template <typename T, typename Handler>
void async_read(T& t, Handler handler)
{
// Issue a read operation to read exactly the number of bytes in a header.
void (connection::*f)(
const boost::system::error_code&,
T&, boost::tuple<Handler>)
= &connection::handle_read_header<T, Handler>;
boost::asio::async_read(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(inbound_header_),
boost::bind(f,
this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::ref(t),
boost::make_tuple(handler)));
}
/// Handle a completed read of a message header. The handler is passed using
/// a tuple since boost::bind seems to have trouble binding a function object
/// created using boost::bind as a parameter.
template <typename T, typename Handler>
void handle_read_header(const boost::system::error_code& e,
T& t, boost::tuple<Handler> handler)
{
if (e)
{
boost::get<0>(handler)(e);
}
else
{
// Determine the length of the serialized data.
std::istringstream is(std::string(inbound_header_, header_length));
std::size_t inbound_data_size = 0;
if (!(is >> std::hex >> inbound_data_size))
{
// Header doesn't seem to be valid. Inform the caller.
boost::system::error_code error(boost::asio::error::invalid_argument);
boost::get<0>(handler)(error);
return;
}
// Start an asynchronous call to receive the data.
inbound_data_.resize(inbound_data_size);
void (connection::*f)(
const boost::system::error_code&,
T&, boost::tuple<Handler>)
= &connection::handle_read_data<T, Handler>;
boost::asio::async_read(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(inbound_data_),
boost::bind(f, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::ref(t), handler));
}
}
/// Handle a completed read of message data.
template <typename T, typename Handler>
void handle_read_data(const boost::system::error_code& e,
T& t, boost::tuple<Handler> handler)
{
if (e)
{
boost::get<0>(handler)(e);
}
else
{
// Extract the data structure from the data just received.
try
{
std::string archive_data(&inbound_data_[0], inbound_data_.size());
std::istringstream archive_stream(archive_data);
boost::archive::text_iarchive archive(archive_stream);
archive >> t;
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
// Unable to decode data.
boost::system::error_code error(boost::asio::error::invalid_argument);
boost::get<0>(handler)(error);
return;
}
// Inform caller that data has been received ok.
boost::get<0>(handler)(e);
}
}
private:
/// The underlying socket.
boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket socket_;
/// The size of a fixed length header.
enum { header_length = 8 };
/// Holds an outbound header.
std::string outbound_header_;
/// Holds the outbound data.
std::string outbound_data_;
/// Holds an inbound header.
char inbound_header_[header_length];
/// Holds the inbound data.
std::vector<char> inbound_data_;
};
typedef boost::shared_ptr<connection> connection_ptr;
} // namespace s11n_example
#endif // SERIALIZATION_CONNECTION_HPP
和上次一样，这个函数毫无意义：
template <typename Archive>
void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int version)
{
int a;
int b;
}
它只是向整数声明，甚至不接触存档。就像之前的修复方法是。。。序列化数据：
struct Packet {
int a, b;
template <typename Ar>
void serialize(Ar& ar, unsigned) { ar& a& b; }
};
另外，和上次一样，您使用的是一个非常旧的样本版本：
1.49已经很老了。这不太可能是你实际使用的版本。尝试更新的版本(如https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_80_0/doc/html/boost_asio/examples/cpp03_examples.html#boost_asio.examples.cpp03_examples.serialization)或者与你的boost版本相匹配的版本。