TypeError:append()不带关键字参数-用于多处理以获取图像的分形维数的Python代码

Question

我目前正在进行一个项目，制作一个多处理分形维数计算程序。

我设计了代码，这样它将首先将大图像分割成9块，并计算每个部分的分形维数。

from multiprocessing import process
import numpy as np
import os
import math as mt   
import cv2
import imageio
import warnings
from PIL import Image
warnings.simplefilter('ignore', Image.DecompressionBombWarning)
Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS = None
def fractal_dimension(Z, threshold=0.8):
"""Returns box-counting dimension of a 2D array.
Args:
Z: 2D array to be analysed.
threshold: Cutoff for converting values in Z to 1 and 0.
Returns:
The estimated box counting dimension.
"""
# Only for 2d image
assert(len(Z.shape) == 2)
# From https://github.com/rougier/numpy-100 (#87)
def boxcount(Z, k):
S = np.add.reduceat(
np.add.reduceat(Z, np.arange(0, Z.shape[0], k), axis=0),
np.arange(0, Z.shape[1], k), axis=1)
# We count non-empty (0) and non-full boxes (k*k)
return len(np.where((S > 0) & (S < k*k))[0])
# Transform Z into a binary array
Z = (Z < threshold)
# Minimal dimension of image
p = min(Z.shape)
# Greatest power of 2 less than or equal to p
n = 2**np.floor(np.log(p)/np.log(2))
# Extract the exponent
n = int(np.log(n)/np.log(2))
# Build successive box sizes (from 2**n down to 2**1)
sizes = 2**np.arange(n, 1, -1)
# Actual box counting with decreasing size
counts = []
for size in sizes:
counts.append(boxcount(Z, size))
# Fit the successive log(sizes) with log (counts)
coeffs = np.polyfit(np.log(sizes), np.log(counts), 1)
#fracd.append(coeffs)
return -coeffs[0]
I = imageio.imread(r"C:UsersqkrgnPycharmProjectspythonProjectVan_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg", as_gray="True")/255.0    # Import the image in greyscale
print("Minkowski–Bouligand dimension (computed): ", fractal_dimension(I))
subset_9t1 = I[::3, ::3]
subset_9t2 = I[1::3, ::3]
subset_9t3 = I[2::3, ::3]
subset_9t4 = I[::3, 1::3]
subset_9t5 = I[1::3, 1::3]
subset_9t6 = I[2::3, 1::3]
subset_9t7 = I[::3, 2::3]
subset_9t8 = I[1::3, 2::3]
subset_9t9 = I[2::3, 2::3]
if __name__ =='__main__':
processes:list = []
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t1)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t2)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t3)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t4)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t5)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t6)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t7)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t8)
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t9)

for process in processes:
process.start()
print(sum(fracd, 0.000)/len(fracd))

错误代码显示：

traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/qkrgn/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/main.py", line 141, in <module>
processes.append(target=fractal_dimension, args=subset_9t1)
TypeError: append() takes no keyword arguments

我想知道为什么会出现这个错误&如何修复它，以及分割图像来计算分形维数并将它们组合回来得到分形维数是否会出现问题。

Answer 1

您应该以这种方式进行操作，而不是实际操作。

from multiprocessing import Process
# make this change for all the times you tried to append it while using the earlier way.
processes.append(Process(target=fractal_dimension, args=[subset_9t1]))

您正在为append函数传递不存在的关键字参数，而这正是您不想做的

此外，您可以使用for循环来代替手动键入这些附加内容

if __name__ == '__main__':
VARIABLE_NAME = "subset_9t"

for i in range(1, 10):
p = Process(target=fractal_dimension, args=[eval(VARIABLE_NAME + str(i))])
processes.append(p)