我可以列出一个数字，如果类实例在一个数组?

Question

我刚开始学习c#，为了练习，我正在尝试创建一个绞刑游戏(猜单词的字母)。

我创建了一个类WordToGuess，并为这个类创建了多个实例，每个实例对应一个单词。

现在我想随机选择其中一个让玩家猜测。我不知道该怎么做。

我发现代码随机选择一个索引从数组，这似乎是一个很好的方式来做它。但现在我不知道我到底能做什么。我可以在数组中列出实例吗?如果不是，我又怎么能优雅地做到呢?我可以想到一个变通方法，但这不是练习的重点。

我的实例的例子:

WordToGuess duck = new WordToGuess();
duck.numberOfLetters = 4;
duck.theWord = "Duck";
duck.theLetters = new string[] { "d", "u", "c", "k" };
duck.difficulty = "easy";
duck.wordID = "e3";

我的随机生成尝试(我认为我可以生成字符串ID，然后以这种方式处理实例，我想我没有考虑过)

string[] easyWords = new string[] { "e1", "e2", "e3", "e4", "e5", "e6", "e7" };
Random rndE = new Random();
int indexE = rndE.Next(easyWords.Length);

Answer 1

数组示例:

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
WordToGuess[] wtg = new WordToGuess[10];
wtg[0] = new WordToGuess("Duck", "easy", "e3");
wtg[1] = new WordToGuess("Dog", "easy", "e4");
wtg[2] = new WordToGuess("House", "easy", "e5");
wtg[3] = new WordToGuess("Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis", "difficult", "e6");
Console.WriteLine();
foreach (var item in wtg)
{
if (item is not null)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{item.wordID}, {item.theWord}, {item.difficulty}, {item.numberOfLetters}");
}

}
Console.WriteLine();
Random r = new Random();
WordToGuess randomWord = wtg[r.Next(0, 3)];
Console.WriteLine($"A random word: {randomWord.wordID}, {randomWord.theWord}, {randomWord.difficulty}, {randomWord.numberOfLetters}");
// this needs: using System.Linq;
randomWord = wtg.Where(x => x is not null).OrderBy(x => r.Next()).First();
Console.WriteLine($"Another random word: {randomWord.wordID}, {randomWord.theWord}, {randomWord.difficulty}, {randomWord.numberOfLetters}");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public class WordToGuess
{
public int numberOfLetters { get; set; }
public string theWord { get; set; }
public char[] theLetters { get; set; }
public string difficulty { get; set; }
public string wordID { get; set; }
public WordToGuess()
{}
public  WordToGuess(string theWord, string difficulty, string wordID)
{
this.numberOfLetters=theWord.Length;
this.theWord=theWord;
this.theLetters=theWord.ToUpper().ToCharArray();
this.difficulty=difficulty;
this.wordID=wordID;
}
}

输出如下:

e3, Duck, easy, 4
e4, Dog, easy, 3
e5, House, easy, 5
e6, Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, difficult, 45
A random word: e4, Dog, easy, 3
Another random word: e5, House, easy, 5

单词Pneumo....此处发现Iosis: https://irisreading.com/10-longest-words-in-the-english-language/

Answer 2

有很多方法可以做你想做的事。也许最好的方法之一是将WordToGuess实例存储在Dictionary<string, WordToGuess>中，其中键是该标识符。

但是我也会重构你的类，一些属性不需要像字母的string[]，因为字符串已经实现了IEnumerable<char>。我还将使难度enum而不是string，并为WordToGuess提供一个构造函数，将最重要的属性作为输入:

public class WordToGuess
{
public enum GuessDifficulty 
{
Easy, Medium, Hard      
}

public WordToGuess(string word, string id, GuessDifficulty difficulty)
{
TheWord = word;
ID = id;
Difficulty = difficulty;
}
public string ID {get;set;}
public string TheWord {get;set;}
public GuessDifficulty Difficulty {get;set;}
}

现在你可以这样初始化和填充字典:

Dictionary<string, WordToGuess> wordDictionary = new Dictionary<string, WordToGuess>();
WordToGuess duck = new WordToGuess("Duck", "e3", WordToGuess.GuessDifficulty.Easy);
wordDictionary.Add(duck.ID, duck);
// initialize and add more ...

您的随机单词逻辑然后只是尝试在字典中查找具有Id的单词:

string[] easyWords = new string[] { "e1", "e2", "e3", "e4", "e5", "e6", "e7" };
Random rndE = new Random();
int idIndex = rndE.Next(easyWords.Length);
WordToGuess randomWord = wordDictionary.TryGetValue(easyWords[idIndex], out WordToGuess w) ? w : null;

请注意，如果没有带有随机标识符的单词，则为null。

Answer 3

创建一个列表，并将所有实例添加到列表中。然后在列表中使用随机索引代码。在c#中，我们很少使用[]，而是使用列表。(是的，你可以在数组中有对象实例)