如何将应用程序兼容活动更改为片段?

Question

我是开发安卓应用程序的新手。

我想使用"Droid Speech"，但我不能使用它，因为"Droid Speech"是由AppCompatActivity组成的。

我想了解如何将AppCompatActivity更改为片段。

这是我的代码

class DroidSpeechActivity : AppCompatActivity(), View.OnClickListener,
OnDSListener,
OnDSPermissionsListener {
val TAG = "Activity_DroidSpeech"
private var droidSpeech: DroidSpeech? = null
private var finalSpeechResult: TextView? = null
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_droid_speech)
droidSpeech =
DroidSpeech(this, fragmentManager)
droidSpeech!!.setOnDroidSpeechListener(this)
droidSpeech!!.setShowRecognitionProgressView(false)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepResultVerify(true)
droidSpeech!!.setRecognitionProgressMsgColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyConfirmTextColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyRetryTextColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
finalSpeechResult = findViewById(R.id.finalSpeechResult)
start.setOnClickListener(this)
stop.setOnClickListener(this)
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
if (stop!!.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
if (stop!!.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
override fun onClick(view: View) {
when (view.id) {
R.id.start -> {
// Starting droid speech
droidSpeech!!.startDroidSpeechRecognition()
// Setting the view visibilities when droid speech is running
start!!.visibility = View.GONE
stop!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
R.id.stop -> {
// Closing droid speech
droidSpeech!!.closeDroidSpeechOperations()
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechListener Methods
override fun onDroidSpeechSupportedLanguages(currentSpeechLanguage: String, supportedSpeechLanguages: List<String>) {
Log.i(TAG, "Current speech language = $currentSpeechLanguage")
Log.i(TAG, "Supported speech languages = $supportedSpeechLanguages")
if (supportedSpeechLanguages.contains("ko-KR")) {
// Setting the droid speech preferred language as tamil if found
droidSpeech!!.setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
// Setting the confirm and retry text in tamil
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyConfirmText("check")
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyRetryText("no")
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechRmsChanged(rmsChangedValue: Float) {
}
override fun onDroidSpeechLiveResult(liveSpeechResult: String) {
Log.i(TAG, "Live speech result = $liveSpeechResult")
}
override fun onDroidSpeechFinalResult(finalSpeechResult: String) {
this.finalSpeechResult!!.text = finalSpeechResult
println("test$finalSpeechResult")
if (droidSpeech!!.continuousSpeechRecognition) {
val colorPallets1 = intArrayOf(Color.RED, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN, Color.MAGENTA)
val colorPallets2 = intArrayOf(Color.YELLOW, Color.RED, Color.CYAN, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN)
// Setting random color pallets to the recognition progress view
droidSpeech!!.setRecognitionProgressViewColors(if (Random().nextInt(2) == 0) colorPallets1 else colorPallets2)
} else {
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechClosedByUser() {
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
override fun onDroidSpeechError(errorMsg: String) {
Toast.makeText(this, errorMsg, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
stop!!.post {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechPermissionsListener Method
override fun onDroidSpeechAudioPermissionStatus(audioPermissionGiven: Boolean, errorMsgIfAny: String) {
if (audioPermissionGiven) {
start!!.post {
start!!.performClick()
}
} else {
if (errorMsgIfAny != null) {
Toast.makeText(this, errorMsgIfAny, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
stop!!.post {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
}
}

这是尝试更改代码...但是错误

class DroidSpeechActivity : Fragment(), View.OnClickListener,
OnDSListener,
OnDSPermissionsListener {
val TAG = "Activity_DroidSpeech"
private var droidSpeech: DroidSpeech? = null
private var finalSpeechResult: TextView? = null
// MARK: Activity Methods
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
// Setting the layout;[.
// Initializing the droid speech and setting the listener
droidSpeech =
DroidSpeech(activity?.applicationContext, activity?.getFragmentManager())
droidSpeech!!.setOnDroidSpeechListener(this)
droidSpeech!!.setShowRecognitionProgressView(false)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepResultVerify(true)
droidSpeech!!.setRecognitionProgressMsgColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyConfirmTextColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyRetryTextColor(Color.WHITE)
droidSpeech!!.setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
start.setOnClickListener(this)
stop.setOnClickListener(this)
}
override fun onCreateView(
inflater: LayoutInflater,
container: ViewGroup?,
savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_droid_speech, container, false)
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
if (stop!!.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
if (stop!!.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
// MARK: OnClickListener Method
override fun onClick(view: View) {
when (view.id) {
R.id.start -> {
// Starting droid speech
droidSpeech!!.startDroidSpeechRecognition()
// Setting the view visibilities when droid speech is running
start!!.visibility = View.GONE
stop!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
R.id.stop -> {
// Closing droid speech
droidSpeech!!.closeDroidSpeechOperations()
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechListener Methods
override fun onDroidSpeechSupportedLanguages(currentSpeechLanguage: String, supportedSpeechLanguages: List<String>) {
Log.i(TAG, "Current speech language = $currentSpeechLanguage")
Log.i(TAG, "Supported speech languages = $supportedSpeechLanguages")
if (supportedSpeechLanguages.contains("ko-KR")) {
// Setting the droid speech preferred language as tamil if found
droidSpeech!!.setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
// Setting the confirm and retry text in tamil
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyConfirmText("check")
droidSpeech!!.setOneStepVerifyRetryText("no")
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechRmsChanged(rmsChangedValue: Float) {
// Log.i(TAG, "Rms change value = " + rmsChangedValue);
}
override fun onDroidSpeechLiveResult(liveSpeechResult: String) {
Log.i(TAG, "Live speech result = $liveSpeechResult")
}
override fun onDroidSpeechFinalResult(finalSpeechResult: String) {
// Setting the final speech result
this.finalSpeechResult!!.text = finalSpeechResult
println("test$finalSpeechResult")
if (droidSpeech!!.continuousSpeechRecognition) {
val colorPallets1 = intArrayOf(Color.RED, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN, Color.MAGENTA)
val colorPallets2 = intArrayOf(Color.YELLOW, Color.RED, Color.CYAN, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN)
// Setting random color pallets to the recognition progress view
droidSpeech!!.setRecognitionProgressViewColors(if (Random().nextInt(2) == 0) colorPallets1 else colorPallets2)
} else {
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechClosedByUser() {
stop!!.visibility = View.GONE
start!!.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
override fun onDroidSpeechError(errorMsg: String) {
// Speech error
stop!!.post { // Stop listening
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechPermissionsListener Method
override fun onDroidSpeechAudioPermissionStatus(audioPermissionGiven: Boolean, errorMsgIfAny: String) {
if (audioPermissionGiven) {
start!!.post { // Start listening
start!!.performClick()
}
} else {
if (errorMsgIfAny != null) {
// Permissions error
}
stop!!.post { // Stop listening
stop!!.performClick()
}
}
}
}

这是错误消息

java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.ImageView.setOnClickListener(android.view.View$OnClickListener)' on a null object reference
at com.example.Jachi3kki.DroidSpeechActivity.onCreateView(DroidSpeechActivity.kt:49)

DroidSpeechActivity.kt：49 行是这个

start.setOnClickListener(this)

如何将我的AppCompatActivity转换为片段？

Answer 1

您的代码存在一些问题：

1. 通常最好使用可选的?运算符，不要用!!强制转换以避免崩溃NullPointerException
2. 您需要通过引用视图实例在onCreateView方法中初始化视图。
   与活动不同，片段不调用setContentView方法，因此不能直接引用布局项。

在我的代码中，我使用了内联方法setOnClickListener，我假设开始和停止是Buttons， 如果不是这种情况，则只需在其声明中更改两个视图的类型。

尝试像这样更改片段的代码：

class DroidSpeechActivity : Fragment(), 
OnDSListener,
OnDSPermissionsListener {
val TAG = "Activity_DroidSpeech"
private var droidSpeech: DroidSpeech? = null
private var finalSpeechResult: TextView? = null
private var start: Button? = null
private var stop: Button? = null
// MARK: Activity Methods
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
// Initializing the droid speech and setting the listener
droidSpeech = DroidSpeech(requireActivity().applicationContext, requireActivity().getFragmentManager()).apply {
setOnDroidSpeechListener(this)
setShowRecognitionProgressView(false)
setOneStepResultVerify(true)
setRecognitionProgressMsgColor(Color.WHITE)
setOneStepVerifyConfirmTextColor(Color.WHITE)
setOneStepVerifyRetryTextColor(Color.WHITE)
setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
}
}
override fun onCreateView(
inflater: LayoutInflater,
container: ViewGroup?,
savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
val view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_droid_speech, container, false)
finalSpeechResult = view.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.finalSpeechResult)
start = view.findViewById<Button>(R.id.start).apply {
setOnClickListener { startClicked() }
}
stop = view.findViewById<Button>(R.id.start).apply {
setOnClickListener { stopClicked() }
}
return view
}
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()

if (stop?.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop?.performClick()
}
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()

if (stop?.visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
stop?.performClick()
}
}
private fun startClicked() {
droidSpeech?.startDroidSpeechRecognition()
// Setting the view visibilities when droid speech is running
start?.visibility = View.GONE
stop?.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
private fun stopClicked() {
droidSpeech?.closeDroidSpeechOperations()
stop?.visibility = View.GONE
start?.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechListener Methods
override fun onDroidSpeechSupportedLanguages(currentSpeechLanguage: String, supportedSpeechLanguages: List<String>) {
Log.i(TAG, "Current speech language = $currentSpeechLanguage")
Log.i(TAG, "Supported speech languages = $supportedSpeechLanguages")
if (supportedSpeechLanguages.contains("ko-KR")) {
// Setting the droid speech preferred language as tamil if found
droidSpeech?.setPreferredLanguage("ko-KR")
// Setting the confirm and retry text in tamil
droidSpeech?.setOneStepVerifyConfirmText("check")
droidSpeech?.setOneStepVerifyRetryText("no")
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechRmsChanged(rmsChangedValue: Float) {
// Log.i(TAG, "Rms change value = " + rmsChangedValue);
}
override fun onDroidSpeechLiveResult(liveSpeechResult: String) {
Log.i(TAG, "Live speech result = $liveSpeechResult")
}
override fun onDroidSpeechFinalResult(finalSpeechResult: String) {
// Setting the final speech result
finalSpeechResult?.text = finalSpeechResult
println("test$finalSpeechResult")
if (droidSpeech?.continuousSpeechRecognition == true) {
val colorPallets1 = intArrayOf(Color.RED, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN, Color.MAGENTA)
val colorPallets2 = intArrayOf(Color.YELLOW, Color.RED, Color.CYAN, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN)
// Setting random color pallets to the recognition progress view
droidSpeech?.setRecognitionProgressViewColors(if (Random().nextInt(2) == 0) colorPallets1 else colorPallets2)
} else {
stop?.visibility = View.GONE
start?.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
}
override fun onDroidSpeechClosedByUser() {
stop?.visibility = View.GONE
start?.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}
override fun onDroidSpeechError(errorMsg: String) {
// Speech error
stop?.post { // Stop listening
stop?.performClick()
}
}
// MARK: DroidSpeechPermissionsListener Method
override fun onDroidSpeechAudioPermissionStatus(audioPermissionGiven: Boolean, errorMsgIfAny: String) {
if (audioPermissionGiven) {
start?.post { // Start listening
start?.performClick()
}
} else {
if (errorMsgIfAny != null) {
// Permissions error
}
stop?.post { // Stop listening
stop?.performClick()
}
}
}
}