我正在学习Beeware教程，无法"创建公文包"。
在某个时刻，它显示了这一点：
Collecting pygobject>=3.14.0
Downloading PyGObject-3.38.0.tar.gz (712 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 712 kB 6.9 MB/s
Installing build dependencies ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python3.8 /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-6esqaemw/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- setuptools wheel pycairo
cwd: None
Complete output (36 lines):
WARNING: The directory '/home/brutus/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting setuptools
Downloading setuptools-50.3.2-py3-none-any.whl (785 kB)
Collecting wheel
Downloading wheel-0.35.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (33 kB)
Collecting pycairo
Downloading pycairo-1.20.0.tar.gz (344 kB)
Installing build dependencies: started
Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
Getting requirements to build wheel: started
Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
Preparing wheel metadata: started
Preparing wheel metadata: finished with status 'done'
Building wheels for collected packages: pycairo
Building wheel for pycairo (PEP 517): started
Building wheel for pycairo (PEP 517): finished with status 'error'
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python3.8 /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmp426eh9du
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-rmj9v5en/pycairo
Complete output (12 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/cairo
copying cairo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/cairo
copying cairo/__init__.pyi -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/cairo
copying cairo/py.typed -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/cairo
running build_ext
Requested 'cairo >= 1.15.10' but version of cairo is 1.14.6
Command '['pkg-config', '--print-errors', '--exists', 'cairo >= 1.15.10']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pycairo
Failed to build pycairo
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pycairo which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3.8 /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-6esqaemw/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- setuptools wheel pycairo Check the logs for full command output.
Unable to install dependencies. This may be because one of your dependencies is invalid, or because pip was unable to connect to the PyPI server.
我认为主要问题是
Requested 'cairo >= 1.15.10' but version of cairo is 1.14.6
但我不明白的是，如果我只安装了cairo 1.20.0，那就是cairo 1.14.6。
我试图更新docker，重新安装cairo和pycairo，更新python包，但错误仍然存在。
beeware构建过程正在尝试安装pycairo包。这个包只是cairo图形库(libcairo2(的python接口。
pycairo更改日志显示了pycairo的最新版本1.20.0，它需要cairo(libcairo2(1.15.10+版本。
如果幸运的话，您可以简单地将cairo包更新到满足要求的版本。信息在官方网站cairographics.org/download/.上
我和你有同样的问题。在我的情况下，我再次被提醒将我的操作系统升级到Ubuntu的新版本，因为cairo包libcairo2仅在Ubuntu 16.04 LTS官方PPA的14.6版本中可用。在Ubuntu 20.04 LTS中，可用的libcairo2为16.0。我怀疑你有一个simmilar操作系统，因为你安装的cairo版本和我的相同。
您可以从源代码构建包以绕过错误：
Ubuntu版本很重要。我第一次尝试在Ubuntu16.04上安装pycairo时遇到了和您相同的问题。然后我在2004年2月20日尝试了一下，最终成功了。
这就是我所遵循的：pycairo