Django表单初始化方法失败

Question

我有一个用户添加表单视图，请求信息并保存一个新用户到数据库。当我尝试保存一个新的用户记录时，我得到以下错误:

TypeError at /user/add/
__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'customer'
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://localhost:8000/user/add/
Django Version: 3.0.5
Exception Type: TypeError
Exception Value:    
__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'customer'
Exception Location: D:Job DocumentsDDSAuthenticationProjectenvlibsite-packagesdjangoviewsgenericedit.py in get_form, line 33
Python Executable:  D:Job DocumentsDDSAuthenticationProjectenvScriptspython.exe
Python Version: 3.9.0
Python Path:    
['D:\Job Documents\DDS\AuthenticationProject\auth',
'C:\Users\bratca\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\python39.zip',
'C:\Users\bratca\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\DLLs',
'C:\Users\bratca\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib',
'C:\Users\bratca\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39',
'D:\Job Documents\DDS\AuthenticationProject\env',
'D:\Job Documents\DDS\AuthenticationProject\env\lib\site-packages']
Server time:    Sun, 15 Aug 2021 08:05:30 +0000

我使用客户对象来区分用户，因此我希望表单知道由谁填充，以便新创建的用户将具有与创建者相同的客户对象。

这个错误并没有准确地显示我在代码中的错误。相反，它显示了实际django代码中的一些错误，我正在使用的通用的东西。

class AddUserFormView(FormView):
form_class = TbUserAddForm
template_name = 'users/add_user_modal.html'
success_message = "Account has been created! The user is able to log in."
def post(self, request):
form = self.form_class(customer=request.user.customer,
data=request.POST, files=request.FILES)
if form.is_valid():
user_face_img_md5 = Image.open(
request.FILES['user_face_img_md5'].file)
user_head_img_md5 = Image.open(
request.FILES['user_head_img_md5'].file)
obj = form.save(commit=False)
response = addUserApi(obj.__dict__,
user_face_img_md5,
user_head_img_md5)
print(f"Request Response [Add User] --> {response.text}")
# if response.text['status'] != 45001:
#     messages.error(f'Something went wrong. {response.text}')
return redirect('add-user')
else:
messages.error(request, form.errors)
return redirect('add-user')

class TbUserAddForm(CustomUserCreationForm):
email = forms.EmailField()
user_head_img_md5 = forms.ImageField(label='Avatar', required=True)
user_face_img_md5 = forms.ImageField(
label='Face Recognition Image', required=True)
def __init__(self, customer, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
print(f'USER ADD FORM CUSTOMER -> {customer}')
self.customer = customer
if self.customer:
self.fields['role'].queryset = TbRole.objects.all().filter(
customer=self.customer)
self.fields['department'].queryset = TbDepartment.objects.all().filter(
customer=self.customer)
class Meta:
model = TbUser
fields = [...]

path('add/', views.AddUserFormView.as_view(), name='add-user'),

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用户没有被django保存，但是addUserApi()向其他服务器发送请求。因此，有时用户被创建，因为addUserApi已经工作。但是会抛出相同的错误。

Answer 1

你应该重写.get_form_kwargs(…)方法[Django-doc]将数据传递给你在GET和POST请求中构建的表单:

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.contrib.messages.views import SuccessMessageMixin
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
class AddUserFormView(LoginRequiredMixin, SuccessMessageMixin, FormView):
form_class = TbUserAddForm
template_name = 'users/add_user_modal.html'
success_message = 'Account has been created! The user is able to log in.'
success_url = reverse_lazy('add-user')
defget_form_kwargs(self):
formkw = super().get_form_kwargs()
formkw['customer'] = self.request.user.customer
return formkw
def form_valid(self, form):
user_face_img_md5 = Image.open(self.request.FILES['user_face_img_md5'].file)
user_head_img_md5 = Image.open(self.request.FILES['user_head_img_md5'].file)
obj = form.save(commit=False)
response = addUserApi(
obj.__dict__,
user_face_img_md5,
user_head_img_md5
)
print(f'Request Response [Add User] --> {response.text}')
return super().form_valid(form)

通常不重写基于类的视图的post和/或get方法，因为它包含了大多数样板代码。可能在这里重写.form_valid(…)就足够了method [Django-doc]指定在表单有效的情况下应该发生什么。

---

注意:可以将视图限制为基于类的视图，只有经过身份验证的用户才能使用LoginRequiredMixinmixin (Django-doc)。

---

注意:可以使用SuccessMessageMixinmixin到一个视图，在表单有效的情况下添加成功消息。