整个rust软件包都被高估了，所以我最终使用了一个alpine发行版。在
背景：
我正在尝试使用actix-web&sqlx放入docker容器中。这是一个模拟博客的基本RESTful API，这样我就可以为一个有用的服务器架构建立一个基本的脚手架，我可以将其用作未来项目的基础。
它构建&在docker容器之外运行得非常好，并且我已经将问题隔离为两个依赖项：actix-web&sqlx——不幸的是，这是该项目的两个核心依赖项。当我从Cargo.toml中删除这两个依赖项时，容器将在几秒钟内构建。
对于我的Dockerfile，我使用基于本教程的多阶段构建，使用cargo chef来缓存构建。
问题：
当运行docker build -t server .时，大约30-45分钟后，货物将抛出许多warning: spurious network error和超时，尽管通常在码头外构建。
注意事项：
- 我在一台笔记本电脑上运行MacOs，该笔记本电脑配有2.3 GHz 8核Intel Core i9处理器和32 GB 2400 MHz DDR4内存
- 我的网络连接很稳定，下载速度为442.33Mbps；通过VPN上传21.50 Mbps(禁用VPN后问题依然存在)
- 我正在通过
homebrew运行Docker v220.10.21 - 即使使用简单的单级构建，也会抛出相同的错误
- GitHub上此处镜像的问题
命令：
来自server：docker build -t server .
或者从根：docker-compose up
代码：
服务器/货物.toml
[package]
name = "actix-sqlx-docker"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"
# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
[dependencies]
actix-web = "4.2.1"
chrono = { version = "0.4.23", features = [ "serde" ] }
dotenv = "0.15.0"
serde = { version = "1.0.150", features = [ "derive" ] }
serde_json = "1.0.89"
sqlx = { version = "0.6.2", features = [ "runtime-actix-native-tls", "postgres", "chrono", "time", "uuid"] }
uuid = { version = "1.2.2", features = [ "v4", "fast-rng", "macro-diagnostics", "serde" ] }
服务器/Dockerfile
# generate a recipe file for dependencies
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rust as planner
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
RUN cargo install cargo-chef
COPY . .
RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
# build dependencies
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rust as cacher
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
RUN cargo install cargo-chef
COPY --from=planner /usr/src/app/recipe.json recipe.json
RUN cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json
# use rust docker image as builder
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rust as builder
COPY . /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY --from=cacher /usr/src/app/target target
COPY --from=cacher /usr/local/cargo /usr/local/cargo
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian11 as development
COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/target/release/actix-sqlx-docker /usr/src/test-app/actix-sqlx-docker
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
CMD ["./actix-sqlx-docker"]
错误：
可以在此处查看错误的详细视图
为节省字符数而遗漏的额外错误消息。请参阅链接的GitHub问题中的完整内容。
多阶段构建的部分错误：
[+] Building 1919.8s (16/20)
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 913B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 77B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian11:latest 3.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/rust:latest 3.4s
=> [auth] library/rust:pull token for registry-1.docker.io 0.0s
=> [development 1/3] FROM gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian11@sha256:101c26286ea36b68200ff94cf95ca9dbde3329c987738cba3ba702efa3465f6f 1.6s
=> => resolve gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian11@sha256:101c26286ea36b68200ff94cf95ca9dbde3329c987738cba3ba702efa3465f6f 0.0s
=> => sha256:a1f1879bb7de17d50f521ac7c19f3ed9779ded79f26461afb92124ddb1ee7e27 817.19kB / 817.19kB 0.6s
=> => sha256:101c26286ea36b68200ff94cf95ca9dbde3329c987738cba3ba702efa3465f6f 1.67kB / 1.67kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:e8c6063fa88722e5fc86eb631b41c0a46d7c8503aa2433298c59b07d3b731fbf 753B / 753B 0.0s
=> => sha256:7d62b76a133b357bbc8eca89d5aa845e8b807e31980789db995c851ca100a61c 776B / 776B 0.0s
=> => sha256:fc251a6e798157dc3b46fd265da72f39cd848e3f9f4a0b28587d1713b878deb9 795.83kB / 795.83kB 0.5s
=> => sha256:fda4ba87f6fbeebb651625814b981d4100a98c224fef80d562fb33853500f40e 8.00MB / 8.00MB 1.1s
=> => extracting sha256:fc251a6e798157dc3b46fd265da72f39cd848e3f9f4a0b28587d1713b878deb9 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:fda4ba87f6fbeebb651625814b981d4100a98c224fef80d562fb33853500f40e 0.3s
=> => extracting sha256:a1f1879bb7de17d50f521ac7c19f3ed9779ded79f26461afb92124ddb1ee7e27 0.1s
=> [planner 1/5] FROM docker.io/library/rust@sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 21.9s
=> => resolve docker.io/library/rust@sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 0.0s
=> => sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 988B / 988B 0.0s
=> => sha256:5e0d0367026b13e8f26d3993fcd0d880da32a67ed45b2f3dd2467ac97de3077c 6.42kB / 6.42kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:3406614c4f79d01038ac6d7c608f856ed3a77f545c9ab7f521dddc8905ea2e63 1.59kB / 1.59kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:32de3c850997ce03b6ff4ae8fb00b34b9d7d7f9a35bfcdb8538e22cc7b77c29d 55.03MB / 55.03MB 4.4s
=> => sha256:fa1d4c8d85a4e064e50cea74d4aa848dc5fc275aef223fcc1f21fbdb1b5dd182 5.16MB / 5.16MB 1.6s
=> => sha256:c796299bbbddc7aeada9539a4e7874a75fa2b6ff421f8d5ad40f227b40ab4d86 10.88MB / 10.88MB 1.9s
=> => sha256:81283a9569ad5e90773f038daedd0d565810ca5935eec8f53b8bcb6a199030d6 54.58MB / 54.58MB 7.6s
=> => sha256:60b38700e7fb2cdfac79b15e4c1691a80fe6b4101c7b7fea66b9e7cd64d961cf 196.88MB / 196.88MB 7.9s
=> => sha256:5e868601ee3b6add93e6e2e5794ac5d9e29de9eaeb7920466e30c4e92cd06e7f 175.92MB / 175.92MB 11.0s
=> => extracting sha256:32de3c850997ce03b6ff4ae8fb00b34b9d7d7f9a35bfcdb8538e22cc7b77c29d 2.7s
=> => extracting sha256:fa1d4c8d85a4e064e50cea74d4aa848dc5fc275aef223fcc1f21fbdb1b5dd182 0.4s
=> => extracting sha256:c796299bbbddc7aeada9539a4e7874a75fa2b6ff421f8d5ad40f227b40ab4d86 0.4s
=> => extracting sha256:81283a9569ad5e90773f038daedd0d565810ca5935eec8f53b8bcb6a199030d6 2.6s
=> => extracting sha256:60b38700e7fb2cdfac79b15e4c1691a80fe6b4101c7b7fea66b9e7cd64d961cf 5.6s
=> => extracting sha256:5e868601ee3b6add93e6e2e5794ac5d9e29de9eaeb7920466e30c4e92cd06e7f 4.9s
=> [internal] load build context 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 62.71kB 0.0s
=> [builder 2/5] COPY . /usr/src/app 3.2s
=> [planner 2/5] WORKDIR /usr/src/app 3.2s
=> [planner 3/5] RUN cargo install cargo-chef 52.6s
=> [builder 3/5] WORKDIR /usr/src/app 0.0s
=> [planner 4/5] COPY . . 0.0s
=> [planner 5/5] RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json 0.3s
=> [cacher 4/5] COPY --from=planner /usr/src/app/recipe.json recipe.json 0.0s
=> ERROR [cacher 5/5] RUN cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json 1838.2s
------
> [cacher 5/5] RUN cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json:
... // EXTRANEOUS MESSAGES LEFT OUT TO CONSERVE CHARACTER COUNT
#16 1687.7 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `subtle v2.4.1` within 30s)
#16 1717.8 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `thiserror v1.0.38` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#16 1717.8 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `thiserror-impl v1.0.38` within 30s)
#16 1747.9 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `time v0.1.45` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#16 1747.9 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `time v0.3.17` within 30s)
#16 1778.0 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `unicode-bidi v0.3.8` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#16 1778.0 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `unicode_categories v0.1.1` within 30s)
#16 1808.1 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `url v2.3.1` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#16 1808.1 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `uuid-macro-internal v1.2.2` within 30s)
#16 1838.2 error: failed to download from `https://crates.io/api/v1/crates/derive_more/0.99.17/download`
#16 1838.2
#16 1838.2 Caused by:
#16 1838.2 [28] Timeout was reached (download of `derive_more v0.99.17` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#16 1838.2 thread 'main' panicked at 'Exited with status code: 101', /usr/local/cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/cargo-chef-0.1.50/src/recipe.rs:176:27
#16 1838.2 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
------
executor failed running [/bin/sh -c cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json]: exit code: 101
单阶段构建的部分错误：
[+] Building 2668.9s (8/8) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 1.10kB 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 77B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/rust:latest 1.2s
=> [internal] load build context 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 62.71kB 0.0s
=> [1/4] FROM docker.io/library/rust@sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 22.8s
=> => resolve docker.io/library/rust@sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 0.0s
=> => sha256:fa1d4c8d85a4e064e50cea74d4aa848dc5fc275aef223fcc1f21fbdb1b5dd182 5.16MB / 5.16MB 0.7s
=> => sha256:3406614c4f79d01038ac6d7c608f856ed3a77f545c9ab7f521dddc8905ea2e63 1.59kB / 1.59kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:32de3c850997ce03b6ff4ae8fb00b34b9d7d7f9a35bfcdb8538e22cc7b77c29d 55.03MB / 55.03MB 3.9s
=> => sha256:c796299bbbddc7aeada9539a4e7874a75fa2b6ff421f8d5ad40f227b40ab4d86 10.88MB / 10.88MB 2.4s
=> => sha256:0067330b7e0eacacc5c32f21b720607c0cd61eda905c8d55e6a745f579ddeee9 988B / 988B 0.0s
=> => sha256:5e0d0367026b13e8f26d3993fcd0d880da32a67ed45b2f3dd2467ac97de3077c 6.42kB / 6.42kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:81283a9569ad5e90773f038daedd0d565810ca5935eec8f53b8bcb6a199030d6 54.58MB / 54.58MB 3.5s
=> => sha256:60b38700e7fb2cdfac79b15e4c1691a80fe6b4101c7b7fea66b9e7cd64d961cf 196.88MB / 196.88MB 12.0s
=> => sha256:5e868601ee3b6add93e6e2e5794ac5d9e29de9eaeb7920466e30c4e92cd06e7f 175.92MB / 175.92MB 8.2s
=> => extracting sha256:32de3c850997ce03b6ff4ae8fb00b34b9d7d7f9a35bfcdb8538e22cc7b77c29d 2.5s
=> => extracting sha256:fa1d4c8d85a4e064e50cea74d4aa848dc5fc275aef223fcc1f21fbdb1b5dd182 0.3s
=> => extracting sha256:c796299bbbddc7aeada9539a4e7874a75fa2b6ff421f8d5ad40f227b40ab4d86 0.4s
=> => extracting sha256:81283a9569ad5e90773f038daedd0d565810ca5935eec8f53b8bcb6a199030d6 2.6s
=> => extracting sha256:60b38700e7fb2cdfac79b15e4c1691a80fe6b4101c7b7fea66b9e7cd64d961cf 5.7s
=> => extracting sha256:5e868601ee3b6add93e6e2e5794ac5d9e29de9eaeb7920466e30c4e92cd06e7f 4.8s
=> [2/4] WORKDIR /usr/src/app 2.9s
=> [3/4] COPY . . 0.0s
=> ERROR [4/4] RUN cargo build --release 2641.9s
------
> [4/4] RUN cargo build --release:
... // EXTRANEOUS MESSAGES LEFT OUT TO CONSERVE CHARACTER COUNT
#8 2430.7 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `unicode-bidi v0.3.8` within 30s)
#8 2460.8 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `unicode-ident v1.0.6` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2460.8 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `unicode-normalization v0.1.22` within 30s)
#8 2491.0 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `unicode-segmentation v1.10.0` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2491.0 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `unicode_categories v0.1.1` within 30s)
#8 2521.1 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `url v2.3.1` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2521.1 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `uuid v1.2.2` within 30s)
#8 2551.3 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `uuid-macro-internal v1.2.2` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2551.3 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `version_check v0.9.4` within 30s)
#8 2581.4 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `whoami v1.2.3` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2581.4 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `zstd v0.11.2+zstd.1.5.2` within 30s)
#8 2611.6 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (download of `zstd-safe v5.0.2+zstd.1.5.2` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
#8 2611.6 warning: spurious network error (1 tries remaining): [28] Timeout was reached (failed to download any data for `zstd-sys v2.0.4+zstd.1.5.2` within 30s)
#8 2641.8 error: failed to download from `https://crates.io/api/v1/crates/actix-http/3.2.2/download`
#8 2641.8
#8 2641.8 Caused by:
#8 2641.8 [28] Timeout was reached (download of `actix-http v3.2.2` failed to transfer more than 10 bytes in 30s)
------
executor failed running [/bin/sh -c cargo build --release]: exit code: 101
看起来我在040f1b8中解决了这个问题。
有时在cacher阶段，它仍然在下载步骤期间暂停，但中止&在几次尝试内重新运行构建工作。当通过云提供商运行此程序时可能会出现问题，但目前有效。
有两件事似乎有所帮助：
cargo-chef似乎有dependency-name: { version = "1", features = [ "foo", "bar" ] }语法问题，所以我从Cargo.toml中删除了该语法
[dependencies]
actix = "0.13"
actix-web = "4"
dotenv = "0.15.0"
serde_json = "1.0.89"
[dependencies.chrono]
version = "0.4.23"
features = [ "serde" ]
[dependencies.serde]
version = "1.0.150"
features = [ "derive" ]
[dependencies.sqlx]
version = "0.6.2"
features = [ "runtime-async-std-native-tls", "postgres", "chrono", "time", "uuid" ]
[dependencies.uuid]
version = "1.2.2"
features = [ "v4", "fast-rng", "macro-diagnostics", "serde" ]
cacher阶段指定--target标志似乎也有帮助。我认为我以前的Dockerfile无论如何都不会运行，因为用户没有配置# generic lite rust container with musl & openssl
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rust:alpine3.17 as rust-alpine
RUN apk add --no-cache musl-dev openssl-dev
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# generic chef to minimize redundancy
FROM rust-alpine as chef
RUN cargo install cargo-chef
# generate a recipe file for dependencies
FROM chef as planner
COPY . .
RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
# build & cache dependencies
FROM chef as cacher
COPY --from=planner /usr/src/app/recipe.json recipe.json
RUN cargo chef cook --release --target x86_64-unknown-linux-musl --recipe-path recipe.json
# use rust:alpine3.17 docker image as builder
FROM rust-alpine as builder
# create user
ENV USER=dev
ENV UID=1337
RUN adduser
--disabled-password
--gecos ""
--home "/nonexistent"
--shell "/sbin/nologin"
--no-create-home
--uid "${UID}"
"${USER}"
# copy build image
COPY . .
COPY --from=cacher /usr/src/app/target target
COPY --from=cacher /usr/local/cargo /usr/local/cargo
RUN cargo build --release
# run executable from distroless build
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian11 as development
# copy user from builder
COPY --from=builder /etc/passwd /etc/passwd
COPY --from=builder /etc/group /etc/group
# copy executable from builder
COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/target/release/actix-sqlx-docker /usr/local/bin/actix-sqlx-docker
# set user
USER dev:dev
# run executable
CMD ["/usr/local/bin/actix-sqlx-docker"]