当前情况：
我有一个函数，它将二进制类目标变量分离为"0"；1’s"；以及"；0’s"；，然后它读取每个变量的所有自变量。该函数还基于类"来确定这些自变量中的每一个的KDE；1〃；以及"；0"；，然后计算相交面积：
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.stats import gaussian_kde
def intersection_area(data, bandwidth, margin,target_variable_name):
#target_variable_name is the column name of the response variable
data = data.dropna()
X = data.drop(columns = [str(target_variable_name)], axis = 1)
names = list(X.columns)
new_columns = []
for column_name in names[:-1]:
x0= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 0,str(column_name)]
x1= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 1,str(column_name)]
kde0 = gaussian_kde(x0, bw_method=bandwidth)
kde1 = gaussian_kde(x1, bw_method=bandwidth)
x_min = min(x0.min(), x1.min()) #find the lowest value between two minimum points
x_max = min(x0.max(), x1.max()) #finds the lowest value between two maximum points
dx = margin * (x_max - x_min) # add a margin since the kde is wider than the data
x_min -= dx
x_max += dx
x = np.linspace(x_min, x_max, 500)
kde0_x = kde0(x)
kde1_x = kde1(x)
inters_x = np.minimum(kde0_x, kde1_x)
area_inters_x = np.trapz(inters_x, x) #intersection of two kde
print(area_inters_x)
问题：如果n_class=4，函数将看起来像：
def intersection_area(data, bandwidth, margin,target_variable_name):
#target_variable_name is the column name of the response variable
data = data.dropna()
X = data.drop(columns = [str(target_variable_name)], axis = 1)
names = list(X.columns)
new_columns = []
for column_name in names[:-1]:
x0= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 0,str(column_name)]
x1= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 1,str(column_name)]
x2= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 2,str(column_name)]
x3= data.loc[data[str(target_variable_name)] == 3,str(column_name)]
kde0 = gaussian_kde(x0, bw_method=bandwidth)
kde1 = gaussian_kde(x1, bw_method=bandwidth)
kde2 = gaussian_kde(x2, bw_method=bandwidth)
kde3 = gaussian_kde(x3, bw_method=bandwidth)
x_min = min(x0.min(), x1.min(),x2.min(),x3.min())
x_max = min(x0.max(), x1.max(),x2.min(),x3.min())
dx = margin * (x_max - x_min)
x_min -= dx
x_max += dx
x = np.linspace(x_min, x_max, 500)
kde0_x = kde0(x)
kde1_x = kde1(x)
kde2_x = kde1(x)
kde3_x = kde1(x)
inters_x = np.minimum(kde0_x, kde1_x, kde2_x, kde3_x)
area_inters_x = np.trapz(inters_x, x)
print(area_inters_x)
现在，如果我有一个未知的数据集，有n个类，该怎么办？我正在努力改进我的旧代码，使其对多类数据集具有鲁棒性，确定给定类的独立变量的KDE，并计算区域的交集。然而，我被困在x = data.loc[data[str(target_name)] == i,str(column_name)]部分：
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.stats import gaussian_kde
def intersection_area(data, bandwidth, margin,target_variable_name):
# Collect the names of the independent variables
data = data.dropna()
X = data.drop(columns = [str(target_variable_name)], axis = 1)
names = list(X.columns)
# determine the number of unique classes from a multi-class and save them as a list.
classes = []
for unique_class in data.target_variable_name.unique():
classes.append(unique_class)
new_columns = []
# for each unique class, run through the different independent variables
for i in classes:
for column_name in names[:-1]:
print(i) #to show the class (target variable: 0,1,...,n)
print(column_name) #to show the variable name to be analyzed
'''This is the part where I got stuck'''
x = data.loc[data[str(target_name)] == i,str(column_name)]
任何有兴趣复制问题的人的模拟数据集：
from sklearn.datasets import make_classification
#note: to create a binary class target change n_class = 2
X,y = make_classification(n_samples=50000, n_features=6,n_informative=6, n_redundant=0, n_repeated=0, n_classes=4
,n_clusters_per_class=3,class_sep=0.95,flip_y=0.2,weights=[0.7,0.2,0.1], shuffle=True,random_state=93)
dataset_x = pd.DataFrame({'var1': X[:, 0], 'var2': X[:, 1],'var3': X[:, 2], 'var4': X[:, 3]
,'var5': X[:, 4], 'var6': X[:, 5]})
dataset_y = pd.DataFrame({'target': y})
sample_dataset = pd.concat([dataset_x,dataset_y], axis=1)
print(sample_dataset)
考虑使用每个目标级别多个类的列表理解来构建x和kde的列表。而不是在每次迭代中打印出结果，而是将结果绑定到一个数据帧中：
def intersection_area_new(data, bandwidth, margin, target_variable_name):
# Collect the names of the independent variables
data = data.dropna()
# determine the number of unique classes from a multi-class target variable and save them as a list.
classes = data['target'].unique()
kde_dicts = []
for column_name in data.columns[:-1]:
# BUILD LIST OF x's AND kde's
x_s = [data.loc[(data[target_variable_name] == i), str(column_name)] for i in classes]
kde_s = [gaussian_kde(x, bw_method=bandwidth) for x in x_s]
x_min = min([x.min() for x in x_s]) # find the lowest value between two minimum points
x_max = min([x.max() for x in x_s]) # find the lowest value between two maximum points
dx = margin * (x_max - x_min) # add a margin since the kde is wider than the data
x_min -= dx
x_max += dx
x_array = np.linspace(x_min, x_max, 500)
kde_x_s = [kde(x_array) for kde in kde_s]
inters_x = np.array(kde_x_s).min(axis=0)
area_inters_x = np.trapz(inters_x, x_array) # intersection of kdes
kde_dicts.append({'target': target_variable_name,
'column': column_name,
'intersection': area_inters_x})
return pd.DataFrame(kde_dicts)
输出
output = intersection_area_new(sample_dataset, None, 0.5, "target")
print(output.head(10))
# target column intersection
# 0 target var1 0.842256
# 1 target var2 0.757190
# 2 target var3 0.676021
# 3 target var4 0.873074
# 4 target var5 0.763626
# 5 target var6 0.868560