以下过程在ctrll + S上成功编译(显示VALID(，但在执行时抛出错误：Invalid character error在SQL DEVELOPER上执行此procedure。我看不到任何地方我有无效字符。
以下是创建表和插入值的代码：-
CREATE TABLE tempt( "set" VARCHAR2(1), "level" VARCHAR2(1), category VARCHAR2(3), value INT );
INSERT INTO tempt
SELECT 'A', 'Z', 'ABC', 847549 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'Y', 'ABC', 955808 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'X', 'ABC', 983462 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'Z', 'GHI', 762369 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'Y', 'DEF', 615863 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'X', 'DEF', 474257 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'Z', 'ABC', 959843 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'Y', 'ABC', 821704 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'X', 'ABC', 377211 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'Z', 'DEF', 945053 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'Y', 'DEF', 919120 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'Y', 'ABC', 821704 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'C', 'X', 'ABC', 377211 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'C', 'Z', 'DEF', 945053 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'C', 'Y', 'DEF', 919120 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'D', 'X', 'ABC', 377211 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'D', 'Z', 'DEF', 945053 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'D', 'Y', 'GHI', 919120 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'E', 'X', 'ABC', 377211 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'E', 'Z', 'DEF', 945053 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'E', 'Y', 'ABC', 919120 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'E', 'Z', 'ABC', 945053 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'E', 'Y', 'DEF', 919120 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'X', 'IJK', 326886 FROM dual
这是在SQL Developer/DB的过程窗口中运行的，即：-
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "SCHEMA.pivot"(v_recordset out sys_refcursor)
AS
--v_recordset SYS_REFCURSOR;
v_sql long;
v_cols_1 long;
v_cols_2 clob;
BEGIN
SELECT LISTAGG( ''''||"level"||''' AS "'||"level"||'"' , ',' )
WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY "level" DESC )
INTO v_cols_1
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT "level"
FROM tempt
);
SELECT DBMS_XMLGEN.CONVERT (
RTRIM (
XMLAGG (XMLELEMENT (
e,
'MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = '
|| CHR (39)
|| CATEGORY
|| CHR (39)
|| ' THEN '
|| CHR (39)
|| "level"
|| CHR (39)
|| ' END) AS '
|| "level"
|| '_'
|| CATEGORY
|| '',
',')
ORDER BY 1 DESC).EXTRACT ('//text()').getclobval (),
','))
INTO v_cols_2
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT "level", CATEGORY
FROM tempt);
v_sql :=
'SELECT "set", ('|| v_cols_2 ||')
FROM
(
SELECT *
FROM tempt
PIVOT
(
MAX(value) FOR "level" IN ( '|| v_cols_1 ||' )
)
)
GROUP BY "set"
ORDER BY "set"';
v_sql := REPLACE (v_sql, ''', CHR (39));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_sql);
OPEN v_recordset FOR v_sql;
end pivot;
EDIT 1：我运行了答案中提供的查询，尽管编译成功，但我得到了Invalid Character错误：-
00911. 00000 - "invalid character" *Cause: identifiers may not start with any ASCII character other than letters and numbers. $#_ are also allowed after the first character. Identifiers enclosed by doublequotes may contain any character other than a doublequote. Alternative quotes (q'#...#') cannot use spaces, tabs, or carriage returns as delimiters. For all other contexts, consult the SQL Language Reference Manual.我看过其他有同样问题的帖子，尝试了所有的方法，但似乎并没有解决问题。错误显示的行是OPEN v_recordset FOR v_sql;
应该是
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE pivot (v_recordset OUT SYS_REFCURSOR)
2 AS
3 --v_recordset SYS_REFCURSOR;
4 v_sql LONG;
5 v_cols_1 LONG;
6 v_cols_2 CLOB;
7 BEGIN
8 SELECT LISTAGG ('''' || "level" || ''' AS "' || "level" || '"', ',')
9 WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY "level" DESC)
10 INTO v_cols_1
11 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT "level"
12 FROM tempt);
13
14 SELECT DBMS_XMLGEN.CONVERT (
15 RTRIM (
16 XMLAGG (XMLELEMENT (
17 e,
18 'MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = '
19 || CHR (39)
20 || CATEGORY
21 || CHR (39)
22 || ' THEN '
23 || CHR (39)
24 || "level"
25 || CHR (39)
26 || ' END) AS '
27 || "level"
28 || '_'
29 || CATEGORY
30 || '',
31 ',')
32 ORDER BY 1 DESC).EXTRACT ('//text()').getclobval (),
33 ','))
34 INTO v_cols_2
35 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT "level", CATEGORY
36 FROM tempt);
37
38 v_sql := 'SELECT "set", ' || v_cols_2 || '
39 FROM
40 (
41 SELECT *
42 FROM tempt
43 PIVOT
44 (
45 MAX(value) FOR "level" IN ( ' || v_cols_1 || ' )
46 )
47 )
48 GROUP BY "set"
49 ORDER BY "set"';
50 v_sql := REPLACE (v_sql, ''', CHR (39));
51 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (v_sql);
52
53 OPEN v_recordset FOR v_sql;
54 END pivot;
55 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
测试：
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SQL> DECLARE
2 l_rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
3 BEGIN
4 pivot (l_rc);
5 END;
6 /
SELECT "set", MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'GHI' THEN 'Y' END) AS Y_GHI,MAX(CASE
WHEN CATEGORY = 'ABC' THEN 'Y' END) AS Y_ABC,MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'ABC' THEN
'Z' END) AS Z_ABC,MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'DEF' THEN 'Z' END) AS Z_DEF,MAX(CASE
WHEN CATEGORY = 'IJK' THEN 'X' END) AS X_IJK,MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'GHI' THEN
'Z' END) AS Z_GHI,MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'DEF' THEN 'X' END) AS X_DEF,MAX(CASE
WHEN CATEGORY = 'ABC' THEN 'X' END) AS X_ABC,MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'DEF' THEN
'Y' END) AS Y_DEF
FROM
(
SELECT *
FROM tempt
PIVOT
(
MAX(value) FOR "level" IN ( 'Z' AS "Z",'Y' AS
"Y",'X' AS "X" )
)
)
GROUP BY "set"
ORDER BY "set"
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
运行结果查询会产生以下结果(剪切(：
SQL> SELECT "set", MAX(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'GHI <snip>
ORY = 'DEF' THEN 'Z' END) AS Z_DEF,MAX(CASE WHEN <snip>
(CASE WHEN CATEGORY = 'ABC' THEN 'X' END) AS X_A <snip>
2 FROM
3 (
4 SELECT *
5 FROM tempt
6 PIVOT
7 (
8 MAX(value) FOR "level" IN ( 'Z'
9 )
10 )
11 GROUP BY "set"
12 ORDER BY "set"
13 /
s Y Y Z Z X Z X X Y
- - - - - - - - - -
A Y Y Z Z Z X X Y
B Y Z Z X X X Y
C Y Z Z X X Y
D Y Y Z Z Z X X Y
E Y Z Z X X Y
SQL>
p.S.忘了说：真的，真的，really用小写双引号命名列是个坏主意。